Early detection of COPD combined with individualized counselling for smoking cessation: A two-year prospective study

Figures & data

Figure 1. Distributions of age and BMI measured during the first visit are shown with box plots according to the smoking status at the two-year control visit. Smokers with higher BMI (p < 0.001, analysis of variance) and older age (p < 0.001, analysis of variance) were more likely to have stopped smoking.

Table I. Distribution of smoking cessation status by gender, symptoms, attitude to intervention, and use of pharmacological aids to quitting.

	Continued to smoke n (%)	Quit smoking n (%)	Quit smoking at the baseline n (%)	All n (%)	P-value of chi-square test
Gender
Men	246 (74.3)	60 (18.1)	25 (7.6)	331 (100)	0.181
Women	171 (80.3)	33 (15.5)	9 (4.2)	213 (100)
Cough
Yes	182 (79.1)	40 (17.4)	8 (3.5)	230 (100)	0.073^1
No	233 (74.8)	53 (16.9)	26 (8.3)	312 (100)
Sputum
Yes	230 (78.0)	51 (17.3)	14 (4.7)	295 (100)	0.288^1
No	187 (75.1)	41 (16.9)	20 (8.0)	248 (100)
Pharmacological therapy
Yes	5 (6.9)	57 (79.2)	10 (13.9)	72 (100)	<0.001^2
No	412 (87.6)	36 (7.6)	22 (4.8)	470 (100)
NRT
Bupropion	3 (5.6)	42 (77.8)	9 (16.7)	54 (100)	0.396^3
Attitüde to cessation	2 (11.1)	15 (83.3)	1 (5.6)	18 (100)
Intervention
Positive	271 (73.6)	88 (23.9)	9 (2.4)	368 (100)	<0.001^4
Negative	146 (97.3)	3 (2.0)	1 (0.7)	150 (100)
All n (%)	417 (76.7)	93 (17.1)	34 (6.2)	544 (100)

Notes: ¹Total number of subjects varies due to missing data for some variables;

²two quitters at the baseline missing;

³NRT = nicotine replacement therapy;

⁴Intervention was not given to 26 cases (24 of these had stopped smoking before this study).

Table II. Smoking cessation according to COPD GOLD stages and the national Finnish criteria of obstruction and classification of airway limitation by national MEF50 criteria.

	Continued to smoke n (%)	Quit smoking n (%)	Quit smoking at the baseline n (%)	All n (%)	P-value of chi-square test
COPD GOLD criteria					0.134
Smokers with NLF^1	241(73.9)	58 (17.8)	27 (8.3)	328(100)
Stage 0 (cough and sputum)	129 (81.6)	24 (15.2)	5 (3.2)	158 (100)
Stage I	24 (88.9)	3 (11.1)	0 (0)	27 (100)
Stage II -IV	23 (69.7)	8 (24.2)	2 (6.1)	33 (100)
COPD national criteria					0.125
No	359 (77.9)	77 (16.7)	25 (5.4)	461 (100)
Yes	58 (69.9)	16 (19.3)	9 (10.6)	83 (100)
MEF50 (% of predicted)					0.758
> / = 62	338 (77.2)	74 (16.)	26 (5.9)	438 (100)
35–61	61 (75.3)	13 (16.0)	7 (8.6)	81 (100)
< / = 34	18 (72.0)	6 (24.0)	1 (40)	25 (100)
All n (%)	417 (76.7)	93 (17.1)	34 (6.2)	544 (100)

Notes: ¹NLF = normal hing function; MEF = mean expiratory flow.