Osteopontin but not parathyroid hormone-related protein predicts prognosis in human renal cell carcinoma

Figures & data

Table I. Summary of the materials used in the study based on a total of 269 patients with renal cell carcinoma.

	IHC PTHrP	IHC CD31	Serum PTHrP	Serum OPN	Plasma PTHrP/OPN
Number of patients	189	166	124	148	80/76
Time of diagnosis	1982–1997	1982–1997	1982–1997	1982–1997	2001–2006
Time of analysis	2005	2006	2003	2010	2010
Male/female	109/80	99/67	68/56	83/65	44/36

IHC, immunohistochemistry; PTHrP, parathyroid hormone-related protein; OPN, osteopontin.

Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier plots of RCC-specific survival according to the median level of OPN in (A). plasma in 76 patients with cRCC diagnosed 2001–2006 (median 120 ng/mL), and (B). serum in 118 patients with cRCC diagnosed 1982–1997 (median 40 ng/mL).

Table II. Multivariate analysis evaluating age, gender, TNM stage, nuclear grade and ostepontin (OPN) levels in relation to disease-specific survival of patients with clear cell RCC.

	Serum (No. 116)			Plasma (No. 75)
Factor	Hazard ratio	CI 95%	p-value	Hazard ratio	CI 95%	p-value
Age (years)
< median	1.0			1.0
> median	0.72	0.43–1.21	0.72	0.85	0.39–1.82	0.67
Gender
Men	1.0			1.0
Women	0.97	0.60–1.58	0.91	0.87	0.41–1.85	0.71
TNM stage
I–II	1.0			1.0
III–IV	4.23	2.26–7.91	< 0.001	5.30	1.92–14.6	< 0.001
Nuclear grade
1–2	1.0			1.0
3–4	8.44	1.11–64.48	0.040	2.23	0.89–5.60	0.089
OPN
< median	1.0			1.0
> median	1.83	1.07–3.14	0.028	4.62	1.76–12.09	0.002

Figure 2. Parathyroid hormone-related protein expression in renal cell carcinoma. No (A) and strong (B) immunohistochemical expression of PTHrP (polyclonal guinea pig antibody T5045, Bachem, Switzerland), 20 × magnification.

Table III. Correlations between immunohistochemical expression of PTHrP and serum PTHrP, CD 31 tumour expression, serum calcium and serum OPN in 189 patients with renal cell carcinoma.

	IHC expression of PTHrP No	Serum PTHrP No. > 0.3 pmol/l	IHC expression of CD31 No.*	Serum Calcium mmol/l	Serum OPN ng/ml
0	91	6/58 (10%)	10.8 (0–112.5)	2.39 (2.10–3.03)	40.5 (0–105)
+	62	5/40 (13%)	8.0 (0–59)	2.38 (2.18–3.12)	41.2 (9.2–100)
+ +	36	8/26 (31%)	6.0 (0–51.5)	2.44 (2.23–2.95)	39.5 (0–221)
Total No.	189	19/124 (15%)	166	172	148
p-value		0.048	0.029	0.51	0.83

P-values represent correlations of the different factors to IHC expression of PTHrP.

*Number of positively stained cells or cell clusters.