Does stage of cancer, comorbidity or lifestyle factors explain educational differences in survival after endometrial cancer? A cohort study among Danish women diagnosed 2005–2009

Figures & data

Table 1. Descriptive characteristics of 3638 women with endometrial cancer diagnosed in 2005–2009 in Denmark

	Short education		Medium education		Higher education
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Age (years)
25–54	70	12	341	56	198	33
55–64	284	26	551	50	272	25
65–74	441	41	453	42	175	16
75–90	402	53	260	34	98	13
Year of diagnosis
2005	247	38	277	42	133	20
2006	257	37	293	42	144	21
2007	232	34	297	44	147	22
2008	246	33	360	48	149	20
2009	215	28	378	50	170	22
Stage
I	727	34	985	46	454	21
II	145	35	181	44	85	21
III	167	39	188	44	70	17
IV	60	43	50	36	30	21
Operation status
Received surgery	1077	33	1481	46	691	21
No surgery	112	42	112	42	45	17
Body mass index (kg/m^2)
<18.5	31	27	50	44	32	28
18 5–<25	380	27	630	45	387	28
25–<30	336	35	451	47	167	18
30–<35	215	41	226	43	83	16
≥35	189	41	211	46	60	13
Unknown	46	47	37	38	14	14
Smoking status
Never	614	33	858	46	407	22
Former	153	34	203	45	100	22
Smoker	181	32	281	50	105	19
Unknown	249	39	263	41	131	20
Charlson comorbidity index score
0	781	31	1165	46	568	23
1	183	40	195	43	81	18
2	126	35	164	46	66	19
≥3	107	50	81	38	28	13
Cohabitation status
Cohabiting	687	30	1123	49	488	21
Living alone	510	41	482	39	255	20

Figure 1. Hypothesized causal relations between education, sociodemographic factors, clinical prognostic factors, lifestyle factors and survival after endometrial cancer.

Table 2. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for advanced stage at diagnosis among 3638 Danish women with endometrial cancer diagnosed in 2005–2009.

	N^a	Model 1		Model 2
		OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Education
Short	372/727	1.19	[0.96–1.48]	1.20	[0.97–1.49]
Medium	419/985	1.04	[0.85–1.27]	1.04	[0.85–1.27]
Higher	185/454	1		1
Age (years)
25–54	133/348	0.83	[0.65–1.05]	0.83	[0.66–1.05]
55–64	285/709	1		1
65–74	311/700	1.16	[0.96–1.41]	1.18	[0.97–1.43]
75–90	75/90	1.46	[1.18–1.79]	1.50	[1.21–1.85]
Charlson comorbidity  index score
0	715/1562			1
1	110/314			0.72	[0.57–0.91]
2	117/213			1.15	[0.90–1.46]
≥3	62/134			0.91	[0.67–1.25]

Model 1, adjusted for age; Model 2, adjusted for age and comorbidity.

a Advanced stage (stages III–IV)/early stage (stages I–II).

Table 3. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for death from all causes among 3638 Danish patients with endometrial cancer diagnosed in 2005–2009.

	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3		Model 4		Model 5
	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI
Education
Short	1.47	[1.17–1.80]	1.47	[1.20–1.80]	1.49	[1.21–1.83]	1.47	[1.19–1.80]	1.36	[1.11–1.67]
Medium	1.10	[0.90–1.35]	1.11	[0.90–1.36]	1.14	[0.92–1.39]	1.13	[0.92–1.39]	1.12	[0.91–1.14]
Higher	1		1		1		1		1
Age (years)
25–54	0.5	[0.36–0.70]	0.5	[0.36–0.69]	0.49	[0.35–0.68]	0.49	[0.35–0.68]	0.52	[0.37–0.73]
55–64	1		1		1		1		1
65–74	1.52	[1.24–1.86]	1.5	[1.22–1.83]	1.51	[1.23–1.84]	1.46	[1.19–1.79]	1.44	[1.18–1.78]
75–90	3.23	[2.70–3.92]	3.07	[2.51–3.76]	3.01	[2.42–3.66]	2.79	[2.26–3.43]	2.79	[2.27–3.44]
Cohabitation
Cohabiting			1		1		1		1
Living alone			1.15	[0.99–1.34]	1.13	[0.97–1.31]	1.11	[0.95–1.29]	1.02	[0.88–1.18]
BMI
<18.5					2.14	[1.45–2.64]	2.03	[1.50–2.76]	2.26	[1.67–3.08]
18.5–<25					1		1		1
25–<30					1.07	[0.82–1.16]	1.05	[0.87–1.25]	1.18	[0.98–1.42]
30–<35					0.86	[0.62–0.98]	0.83	[0.66–1.05]	1.01	[0.80–1.27]
≥35					1.07	[0.76–1.24]	1.02	[0.79–1.31]	1.27	[0.99–1.64]
Unknown					2.22	[1.63–3.02]	2.10	[1.54–2.87]	2.37	[1.74–3.33]
Smoking
Never					1		1		1
Former					0.97	[0.78–1.22]	0.94	[0.75–1.18]	1.01	[0.80–1.27]
Smoker					1.28	[1.05–1.57]	1.27	[1.04–1.55]	1.34	[1.09–1.64]
Unknown					1.21	[1.01–1.45]	1.19	[0.99–1.43]	1.27	[1.06–1.53]
Charlson comorbidity index score
0							1		1
1							1.22	[0.99–1.49]	1.44	[1.17–1.77]
2							1.48	[1.19–1.83]	1.49	[1.20–1.84]
≥3							2.01	[1.59–2.53]	2.37	[1.88–2.99]
Stage
I									1
II									2.27	[1.83–2.82]
III									5.31	[4.46–6.32]
IV									14.81	[11.85–18.51]

Model 1: adjusted for age; Model 2: adjusted for age and cohabitation; Model 3: adjusted for age, cohabitation, BMI and smoking status; Model 4: adjusted for age, cohabitation, BMI, smoking status and comorbidity; Model 5: adjusted for age, cohabitation, BMI, smoking status, comorbidity and stage.