Education, survival, and avoidable deaths in Lithuanian cancer patients, 2001–2009

Figures & data

Table 1. Study population (total and excluded cases of diagnosed cancer).

	Higher			Secondary			Lower than secondary
Site	Total	Excluded	%	Total	Excluded	%	Total	Excluded	%
Esophagus	86	11	12.8	543	95	17.5	635	144	22.7
Stomach	733	73	10.0	2459	326	13.3	3148	560	17.8
Colon & rectum	1456	86	5.9	3800	295	7.8	4388	577	13.1
Liver	125	35	28.0	392	112	28.6	526	182	34.6
Gallbladder	96	14	14.6	257	46	17.9	352	68	19.3
Pancreas	394	70	17.8	1193	256	21.5	1355	372	27.5
Larynx	103	3	2.9	619	29	4.7	770	65	8.4
Lung	823	130	15.8	3827	687	18.0	6360	1381	21.7
Skin melanoma	461	4	0.9	777	16	2.1	421	18	4.3
Breast	2160	28	1.3	5123	92	1.8	2753	160	5.8
Cervix uteri	460	4	0.9	2191	56	2.6	905	74	8.2
Corpus uteri	712	6	0.8	1847	42	2.3	1361	54	4.0
Ovary	495	28	5.7	1396	79	5.7	964	150	15.6
Prostate	3532	47	1.3	6323	110	1.7	7826	271	3.5
Kidney	783	34	4.3	2073	137	6.6	1801	220	12.2
Urinary bladder	304	9	3.0	1000	41	4.1	1344	115	8.6
Brain	297	43	14.5	837	119	14.2	616	141	22.9
Thyroid	532	4	0.8	1341	11	0.8	471	23	4.9
Hodgkin’s lymphoma	53	1	1.9	162	4	2.5	68	13	19.1
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma	347	28	8.1	803	51	6.4	758	88	11.6
Multiple myeloma	202	14	6.9	395	42	10.6	434	49	11.3
Leukemia	381	59	15.5	1026	145	14.1	1108	231	20.8

Table 2. Five-year relative survival of male cancer patients diagnosed in Lithuania in 2001–2009, by site and educational level.

	Higher		Secondary		Lower than secondary		Absolute difference, %
Site	RS	SE	RS	SE	RS	SE	Secondary vs. higher	Lower than secondary vs. higher
Esophagus	17.2	6.4	6.6	1.6	4.9	1.3	10.5	12.3
Stomach	29.6	3.1	29.6	1.6	19.2	1.4	0.0	10.4
Colon & rectum	56.3	2.6	50.2	1.7	45.8	1.7	6.1	10.5
Liver	8.5	6.9	15.0	3.7	10.1	3.0	−6.6	−1.6
Gallbladder	26.6	9.6	20.2	7.1	26.2	6.2	6.4	0.4
Pancreas	9.7	2.8	5.0	1.2	3.9	1.2	4.7	5.8
Larynx	68.4	6.8	51.2	2.9	45.1	2.8	17.2	23.3
Lung	11.6	1.8	11.3	0.8	7.7	0.5	0.3	3.9
Skin melanoma	68.1	5.0	55.3	4.2	55.7	7.1	12.8	12.4
Prostate	97.2	1.1	91.6	1.1	86.1	1.1	5.5	11.0
Kidney	76.3	2.7	64.4	2.0	50.4	2.5	11.9	25.9
Urinary bladder	59.5	4.6	63.8	2.5	55.7	2.5	−4.4	3.8
Brain	18.5	4.3	19.2	2.6	10.5	2.6	−0.7	8.0
Thyroid	95.6	4.5	94.0	3.6	81.9	7.1	1.6	13.8
Hodgkin’s lymphoma	86.2	7.8	70.1	7.5	41.1	12.4	16.1	45.1
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma	62.8	5.4	54.6	3.6	40.1	4.1	8.2	22.8
Multiple myeloma	47.0	7.3	34.3	5.7	26.3	5.2	12.7	20.7
Leukemia	59.1	4.9	50.1	3.2	38.6	3.4	9.0	20.5

RS, relative survival; SE, standard error.

Table 3. Five-year relative survival of female cancer patients diagnosed in Lithuania in 2001–2009, by site and educational level.

	Higher		Secondary		Lower than secondary		RS difference (vs higher), %
Site	RS	SE	RS	SE	RS	SE	Secondary	Lower than secondary
Esophagus	16.5	11.2	16.0	6.7	12.0	5.1	0.6	4.5
Stomach	32.9	3.5	31.6	1.9	29.6	1.9	1.2	3.3
Colon & rectum	59.3	2.5	52.0	1.6	47.3	1.5	7.2	11.9
Liver	17.6	7.9	25.9	5.2	10.3	3.7	−8.3	7.3
Gallbladder	26.5	7.8	16.2	3.9	17.2	3.3	10.3	9.3
Pancreas	8.4	3.8	8.2	1.8	5.5	1.3	0.2	2.9
Lung	23.3	4.3	14.1	2.0	11.2	1.7	9.2	12.1
Skin melanoma	84.4	2.9	74.7	2.7	69.5	4.3	9.6	14.9
Breast	80.2	1.2	73.6	0.9	64.8	1.4	6.6	15.3
Cervix uteri	74.5	2.4	65.3	1.2	50.0	2.1	9.2	24.5
Corpus uteri	81.6	2.0	83.9	1.2	75.2	1.7	−2.3	6.4
Ovary	51.2	3.1	46.6	1.8	29.3	2.0	4.6	21.9
Kidney	77.4	3.4	75.3	2.1	61.2	2.5	2.1	16.3
Urinary bladder	73.9	6.9	77.3	3.8	56.5	4.4	−3.4	17.4
Brain	19.7	4.0	24.5	2.7	4.6	1.8	−4.8	15.1
Thyroid	97.1	1.4	98.6	0.8	92.9	2.5	−1.5	4.2
Hodgkin’s lymphoma	85.9	8.7	81.8	5.0	59.9	11.5	4.1	26.0
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma	69.0	4.4	65.9	3.2	48.8	3.5	3.1	20.2
Multiple myeloma	41.7	6.2	33.3	4.8	26.8	3.8	8.4	14.9
Leukemia	58.7	5.6	52.8	3.1	46.5	3.3	5.8	12.1

RS, relative survival; SE, standard error.

Table IV. Number of cancer patients, number of excess deaths and avoidable deaths in Lithuania five years after diagnosis (hypothetical situation in which all patients have the same relative survival as those in the highest educational category).

Site	Number of patients	Excess deaths	Avoidable deaths	%
Esophagus	397	359	106	29.5
Stomach	2407	1710	214	12.5
Colon & rectum	3550	1723	235	13.6
Liver	285	243	35	14.5
Gallbladder	260	206	36	17.4
Pancreas	925	857	5	0.6
Larynx	587	282	183	65.0
Lung	3931	3451	295	8.5
Skin melanoma	641	192	59	30.5
Breast	3817	1068	298	27.9
Cervix uteri	1519	592	170	28.8
Corpus uteri	1567	316	33	10.5
Ovary	1114	627	102	16.3
Prostate	3926	623	439	70.6
Kidney	1028	381	156	41.0
Urinary bladder	1600	552	117	21.2
Brain	362	273	6	2.3
Thyroid	428	263	28	10.5
Hodgkin’s lymphoma	836	59	25	42.5
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma	399	167	52	31.4
Multiple myeloma	510	253	70	27.7
Leukemia	698	399	48	12.0
Total	31043	14689	2729	18.6