Association of daylight saving time transitions with incidence and in-hospital mortality of myocardial infarction in Finland

Figures & data

Figure 1. Hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction (MI) in the weeks following spring transition into daylight saving time (DST) compared to control weeks. Numbers show MI admissions on post-DST transition week per admissions on control weeks. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals.

Table 1. Patient characteristics and co-diagnoses during the spring weeks after shift into DST (study group) and control weeks (control group) or represent association of a patient feature with occurrence of MI during a week after DST transition (study group) versus Control weeks (control group) (see Methods for details).

	Study group	Control group	OR (95% CI)	p
Age	71.5 ± 12.3	71.1 ± 12.6		0.388
Male	783 (61.7%)	3054 (60.7%)	1.05 (0.92–1.19)	0.500
STEMI	398 (31.4%)	1636 (32.5%)	0.94 (0.83–1.08)	0.385
Anterior STEMI*	217 (54.5%)	922 (56.4%)	0.94 (0.76–1.18)	0.612
Hypertension	174 (13.7%)	719 (14.3%)	0.96 (0.80–1.14)	0.613
Heart failure or cardiomyopathy	137 (10.8%)	599 (11.9%)	0.90 (0.74–1.09)	0.287
Atrial fibrillation	85 (6.7%)	335 (6.7%)	1.01 (0.79–1.30)	0.915
Diabetes	78 (6.2%)	427 (8.5%)	0.71 (0.55–0.91)	0.007
Severe infection**	47 (3.7%)	199 (4.0%)	0.93 (0.68–1.29)	0.681
Cerebral or peripheral artery disease	38 (2.3%)	120 (2.4%)	1.25 (0.87–1.82)	0.231
Chronic pulmonary disease	26 (2.1%)	126 (2.5%)	0.81 (0.53–1.24)	0.332
Renal failure	20 (1.6%)	44 (0.9%)	1.81 (1.06–3.09)	0.029
Malignancy	10 (0.8%)	61 (1.2%)	0.66 (0.34–1.28)	0.218
Rheumatic disease***	9 (0.7%)	31 (0.6%)	1.13 (0.54–2.40)	0.741
Ventricular arrhythmia	6 (0.5%)	64 (1.3%)	0.37 (0.16–0.86)	0.021
Duration of admission	6.6 ± 5.0	6.8 ± 5.0		0.112

*Of STEMI patients.

**Pneumonia, sepsis or endocarditis.

***Including systemic connective tissues diseases.

Figure 2. Hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction (MI) in the weeks following autumn transition out of daylight saving time (DST) compared to control weeks. Numbers show MI admissions on post-DST transition week per admissions on control weeks. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals.

Table 2. Patient characteristics and co-diagnoses during the weeks after autumn shift out of DST (study group) and control weeks (control group) or represent association of a patient feature with occurrence of MI during a week after DST transition (study group) versus Control weeks (control group) (see Methods for details).

	Study group	Control group	OR (95% CI)	p
Age	70.8 ± 13.1	71.1 ± 12.8		0.621
Male	975 (59.9%)	3929 (60.1%)	0.99 (0.89–1.11)	0.888
STEMI	551 (33.9%)	2221 (34.0%)	0.99 (0.89–1.12)	0.915
Anterior STEMI*	327 (59.4%)	1230 (55.4%)	1.19 (0.98–1.43)	0.080
Hypertension	199 (12.2%)	875 (13.4%)	0.90 (0.76–1.06)	0.199
Heart failure or cardiomyopathy	221 (13.6%)	827 (12.7%)	1.08 (0.92–1.27)	0.33
Diabetes	154 (9.5%)	518 (7.9%)	1.21 (1.00–1.46)	0.049
Atrial fibrillation	110 (6.8%)	467 (7.2%)	0.95 (0.76–1.17)	0.617
Severe infection**	49 (3.0%)	224 (3.4%)	0.87 (0.64–1.20)	0.400
Cerebral or peripheral artery disease	42 (2.6%)	137 (2.1%)	1.23 (0.87–1.75)	0.240
Chronic pulmonary disease	34 (2.1%)	134 (2.1%)	1.02 (0.69–1.49)	0.940
Malignancy	15 (1.0%)	63 (1.0%)	1.03 (0.59–1.78)	0.931
Renal failure	14 (0.9%)	66 (1.0%)	0.86 (0.48–1.53)	0.596
Ventricular arrhythmia	23 (1.4%)	86 (1.3%)	1.08 (0.68–1.71)	0.754
Rheumatic disease***	12 (0.7%)	35 (0.5%)	1.36 (0.70–2.62)	0.364
Duration of admission	6.8 ± 5.2	6.7 ± 5.0		0.965

*Of STEMI patients.

**Pneumonia, sepsis or endocarditis.

***Including systemic connective tissues diseases.