Ameliorative Effects of Quercetin on Sodium Fluoride-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat’s Kidney

Figures & data

Figure 1. Effect of quercetin and vitamin C on TBARS level in sodium fluoride (NaF) intoxicated rat. Data are mean ± SD values (n = 10). Notes: *p < 0.001 versus control; **p > 0.05 versus control; ***p < 0.05 versus NaF; ^#p < 0.001 versus NaF.

Figure 2. Effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) intoxication on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the rat kidney. Data are mean ± SD values (n = 10). Notes: *p < 0.001 versus control; **p < 0.05 versus control; ***p < 0.01 versus NaF; ^#p < 0.001 versus NaF.

Figure 3. Effect treatment on catalase levels in sodium fluoride (NaF) intoxicated rat. Data are mean ± SD values (n = 10). Notes: *p < 0.001 versus control; **p < 0.05 versus control; ***p < 0.05 versus NaF; ^#p < 0.001 versus NaF.

Figure 4. Toxic effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) on levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) in the kidney homogenate of rat. Data are mean ± SD values (n = 10). Notes: *p < 0.001 versus control; **p < 0.05 versus control; ***p < 0.01 versus control; ^#p < 0.01 versus NaF; ^##p < 0.001 versus NaF.

Table 1. Effect of quercetin on serum creatinine, serum urea, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in sodium fluoride-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

	Serum creatinine (μmol/L)	Serum urea (mg/dL)	BUN (mg/dL)
NaF control	49.28 ± 4.81	47.25 ± 2.63**	22.07 ± 1.22**
Normal	28.6 ± 8.42	34 ± 2	15.88 ± 0.93
Quercetin treated (10 mg/kg, ip)	41.48 ± 6.65^#	43.75 ± 3.40**	20.44 ± 1.59**
Quercetin treated (20 mg/kg, ip)	37.4 ± 8.42***	39.75 ± 3.68^#	18.57 ± 1.71^#
Vitamin C (10 mg/kg, ip)	40.48 ± 4.819***	42.5 ± 1.73	19.85 ± 0.8

Notes: Values are mean ± SE (n = 10). Data for normal animals are considered as baseline data; there was no significant baseline difference between the groups.

*p < 0.01 versus normal group.

**p < 0.001 versus normal group.

***p > 0.05 versus normal group.

^#p < 0.05 versus normal group.