Correlation between hypervolemia, left ventricular hypertrophy and fibroblast growth factor 23 in hemodialysis patients

Figures & data

Table 1. General characteristics of patients.

Number of patients	97
Female/Male	50/47
Mean age (years)	64.43 ± 11.28
Average duration of dialysis (months)	65.28 ± 49.26
Mean Kt/V	1.62 ± 0.25
Mean hemoglobin (g/dL)	11.65 ± 1.57
Mean albumin (g/dL)	3.86 ± 0.32
Mean intact parathormon (pg/mL)	443.31 ± 338.88
Mean Ca (mg/dL)	8.58 ± 0.91
Mean P (mg/dL)	6.37 ± 1.63
Mean Cax P	54.73 ± 15.25
Mean fasting glycaemia (mg/dL)	121.33 ± 68.11
Mean Cholesterol (mg/dL)	171.22 ± 41.80
Mean Trigliserid (mg/dL)	186.39 ± 84.26
Mean EF (%)	55.52 ± 8.97
Mean LVMI (g/m^2)	184.41 ± 48.62
Mean FGF23 (ng/L)	159.79 ± 134.99
Causes of renal failure
Diabetes	40 (41.2)
Hypertension	37 (38.1)
Chronic glomerulonephritis	1 (1.0)
Polycystic kidney disease	9 (9.3)
Stone disease	3 (3.1)
Amyloidosis	1 (1.0)
Unknown etiology	6 (6.2)

Table 2. Assessments regarding LVMI measurements.

		LVMI (g/m^2)
		Mean ± SD (Median)	p
Urine output (daily)	<250 mL (n = 46)	199.26 ± 38.04	^a0.004**
	>250 mL (n = 51)	171.04 ± 53.41
HbA1C	<7 (n = 23)	171.60 ± 39.30	^a0.627
	>7 (n = 16)	166.13 ± 25.40
Hypertension	Absent	192.08 ± 62.65 (183.60)	^b0.844
	Present	183.34 ± 46.68 (175.69)
		r	p
Duration of dialysis (months)		0.159	^d0.122
Mean Cholesterol (mg/dL)		0.005	^c0.966
Mean HDL (mg/dL)		0.017	^d0.869
Mean LDL (mg/dL)		0.050	^d0.629
Mean Triglyceride (mg/dL)		−0.177	^d0.088
Mean Parathormone (pg/mL)		0.088	^c0.391
Mean FGF23 (ng/L)		0.322	^d0.001**
EF (%)		−0.287	^c0.004**
Predialysis systolic blood pressure (mmHg)		0.472	^c0.001**
Predialysis diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)		0.330	^d0.001**
Predialysis mean arterial blood pressure		0.411	0.001**
IVO (Liter)		0.459	^c0.001**

IVO: interdialytic volume overload; EF: ejection fraction.

^aStudent t-test; ^bMann–Whitney U-test; **p < 0.01; ^cr = Pearson correlation coefficient; ^dr = Spearman’s correlation coefficient.

Figure 1. The correlation between FGF-23 measurements and LVMI measurements.

Table 3. Assessments of FGF-23 levels and data related to the patients.

		FGF23 (ng/L)
		r	^ap
Age (year)		0.134	0.190
Duration of dialysis (months)		0.252	0.013*
Mean intact parathormone (pg/mL)		0.101	0.327
Mean P (mg/dL)		0.220	0.030*
Mean Ca (mg/dL)		0.145	0.157
CaxP		0.258	0.011*
Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (mm)		0.182	0.075
Left ventricular end-systolic diameter (mm)		−0.011	0.916
Interventricular septum thickness (mm)		0.238	0.019*
Left atrial diameters (mm)		0.090	0.383
Right atrial diameters (mm)		0.131	0.263
Predialysis systolic blood pressure (mmHg)		0.211	0.038*
Predialysis diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)		0.063	0.540
Predialysis mean arterial blood pressure		0.129	0.207
Interdialytic volume overload (Liter)		0.326	0.001**
		Mean ± SD	^bp
Gender	Male	160.63 ± 153.21 (96.9)	0.152
	Female	159.01 ± 116.91 (111.52)
Diabetes	Absent	173.54 ± 145.02 (103.00)	0.167
	Present	140.22 ± 118.29 (103.70)
Hypertension	Absent	138.73 ± 80.47 (109.48)	0.818
	Present	162.77 ± 141.09 (103.00)

^aSpearman’s correlation; ^bMann–Whitney U-test; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.

Figure 2. The correlation between interdialytic volume overload and LVMI measurements.

Table 4. Linear regression analysis of risk factors effective on LVMI.

	Unstandardized coefficients				95% Confidence interval for B
Model	B	Std. Error	t	p	Lower	Upper
(Constant)	46.688	43.806	1.066	0.289	−40.302	133.679
MABP	1.021	0.495	2.065	0.042*	0.039	2.004
IVO (Liter)	17.184	5.486	3.132	0.002**	6.289	28.078
Diabetes	20.149	8.727	2.309	0.023*	−37.479	−2.820
Urine output	6.442	9.755	0.660	0.511	−12.932	25.817
FGF23 (ng/L)	−0.010	0.035	−0.294	0.770	−0.079	0.059
CaxP	−0.043	0.288	−0.151	0.880	−0.616	0.529
Phosphor	1.599	6.505	0.246	0.806	−11.327	14.525
iPTH (pg/mL)	0.000	0.014	−0.030	0.976	−0.028	0.028
Dependent Variable: SVKİg/m^2

MABP: Mean arterial blood pressure; IVO: interdialytic volume overload. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.