Relationship between geriatric nutritional risk index and subpopulation lymphocyte counts in patients undergoing hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis

Figures & data

Table 1. Clinical characteristics of 66 dialysis patients according to the methods of dialysis at the start of the study.

Variables	Hemodialysis (n = 50)	Peritoneal dialysis (n = 16)	p-values
Age	55.8 ± 12.7	49.8 ± 14.5	0.127
Sex (male/female)	28/22	10/6	0.774
DM	18 (36%)	7 (43.8%)	0.768
Duration of dialysis (months)	59.7 ± 52.9	66.1 ± 33.6	0.653
Body mass index	21.3 ± 2.5	23.8 ± 4.1	0.005
GNRI	100.1 ± 8.4	99.2 ± 8.1	0.708
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	138.0 ± 31.4	133.7 ± 24.1	0.568
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	80.6 ± 16.6	80.8 ± 11.8	0.977
Kt/V	1.68 ± 0.22	1.85 ± 0.36	0.034
Urea reduction rate (%)	75.0 ± 4.5	NA	NA
Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio	0.38 ± 0.09	0.62 ± 0.25	0.036
Total lymphocyte count (/mm^3)	1597 ± 512	1105 ± 658	0.019
CD3 count (/mm^3)	1015 ± 400	964 ± 366	0.655
CD4 count (/mm^3)	632 ± 260	585 ± 231	0.523
CD8 count (/mm^3)	384 ± 171	366 ± 171	0.731
CD19 count (/mm^3)	132 ± 85	127 ± 84	0.831
CD4/CD8 ratio	1.8 ± 0.7	1.7 ± 0.7	0.835
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	10.9 ± 0.6	11.3 ± 1.1	0.141
Iron (ug/dL)	88.6 ± 34.8	103.6 ± 43.9	0.195
TIBC (ug/dL)	244.9 ± 35.5	261.1 ± 49.1	0.182
TSAT (%)	37.0 ± 16.5	41.1 ± 19.6	0.457
Ferritin (ng/mL)	367.5 ± 275.6	306.4 ± 204.4	0.458
BUN (mg/dL)	64.8 ± 19.5	64.0 ± 16.2	0.944
Cr (mg/dL)	9.5 ± 2.2	11.9 ± 2.3	0.001
Sodium (mEq/L)	137.9 ± 2.8	136.7 ± 3.2	0.192
Potassium (mEq/L)	5.3 ± 0.7	4.4 ± 0.7	0.001
Calcium (mg/dL)	8.8 ± 0.5	9.0 ± 0.5	0.233
Phosphorus (mg/dL)	5.1 ± 1.4	5.6 ± 1.2	0.161
Parathyroid hormone (pg/mL)	191.2 ± 199.7	389.1 ± 311.6	0.005
Albumin (g/dL)	3.9 ± 0.3	3.4 ± 0.3	0.001
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	158.7 ± 0.4	182.5 ± 67.2	0.105
High density lipid (mg/dL)	47.9 ± 18.2	43.1 ± 14.5	0.407
Low density lipid (mg/dL)	71.8 ± 28.8	80.1 ± 30.2	0.383
Uric acid (mg/dL)	7.6 ± 1.7	7.4 ± 1.0	0.658

DM: diabetes mellitus; GNRI: geriatric nutritional risk index; TIBC: total iron binding capacity; TSAT: transferrin saturation.

Table 2. Clinical characteristics of 66 dialysis patients according to GNRI at the start of the study.

Variables	GNRI > 100 (n = 33)	GNRI < 100 (n = 33)	p-values
Age	54.0 ± 14.5	54.6 ± 12.4	0.86
Sex (male/female)	22/11	15/17	0.136
DM	11 (33.3%)	13 (40.6%)	0.612
HD/PD	27/6	24/9	0.389
Duration of dialysis (months)	47.1 ± 35.6	77.4 ± 55.9	0.011
Body mass index	23.8 ± 2.8	20.0 ± 2.1	0.001
GNRI	106.7 ± 3.4	92.9 ± 5.5	0.001
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	137.0 ± 20.9	137.2 ± 37.3	0.977
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	81.2 ± 12.4	80.1 ± 18.5	0.788
Kt/V	1.7 ± 0.3	1.7 ± 0.2	0.576
Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio	0.43 ± 0.15	0.38 ± 0.11	0.226
Total lymphocyte count (/mm^3)	1530 ± 556	1555 ± 557	0.866
CD3 count (/mm^3)	1093 ± 379	922 ± 387	0.076
CD4 count (/mm^3)	672 ± 255	574 ± 245	0.118
CD8 count (/mm^3)	420 ± 172	342 ± 162	0.065
CD19 count (/mm^3)	146 ± 82	114 ± 85	0.123
CD4/CD8 ratio	1.7 ± 0.7	1.8 ± 0.7	0.612
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	11.0 ± 0.7	11.1 ± 0.9	0.708
Iron (ug/dL)	92.1 ± 37.4	91.2 ± 37.3	0.924
TIBC (ug/dL)	250.8 ± 32.1	245.5 ± 45.2	0.595
TSAT (%)	37.4 ± 16.5	38.3 ± 17.8	0.837
Ferritin (ng/mL)	327.9 ± 228.9	382.8 ± 293.7	0.411
BUN (mg/dL)	69.8 ± 17.9	59.5 ± 17.6	0.023
Cr (mg/dL)	10.1 ± 2.3	10.0 ± 2.7	0.864
Sodium (mEq/L)	137.4 ± 2.0	138.0 ± 3.6	0.444
Potassium (mEq/L)	5.2 ± 0.7	5.0 ± 0.8	0.251
Calcium (mg/dL)	9.0 ± 0.5	8.8 ± 0.5	0.141
Phosphorus (mg/dL)	5.1 ± 1.4	5.3 ± 1.3	0.525
Parathyroid hormone (pg/mL)	298.9 ± 278.0	172.8 ± 182.6	0.035
Albumin (g/dL)	4.0 ± 0.3	3.6 ± 0.4	0.001
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	166.5 ± 48.4	159.9 ± 42.7	0.573
High density lipid (mg/dL)	50.4 ± 21.6	43.2 ± 11.0	0.101
Low density lipid (mg/dL)	72.5 ± 28.2	74.4 ± 30.3	0.796
Uric acid (mg/dL)	7.8 ± 1.6	7.2 ± 1.3	0.114

DM: diabetes mellitus; HD: hemodialysis; PD: peritoneal dialysis; GNRI: geriatric nutritional risk index; TIBC: total iron binding capacity; TSAT: transferrin saturation.

Table 3. Logistic regression for predicting malnutrition according to GNRI at the start of the study.

Variable	OR (95% CI)	p
Age > 60 years	10.783 (1.936–60.059)	0.007
Female	6.643 (1.269–34.788)	0.025
PD	3.159 (0.338–29.533)	0.313
Duration of dialysis (months) > 60	0.705 (0.136–3.657)	0.677
DM	1.507 (0.342–6.633)	0.588
Total lymphocyte count (/mm3) < 1500	0.473 (0.113–1.972)	0.304
CD3 count (/mm^3) < 1000	0.598 (0.040–8.996)	0.711
CD4 count (/mm^3) < 600	0.969 (0.176–5.329)	0.971
CD8 count (/mm^3) < 350	3.509 (0.331–37.193)	0.297
CD19 count (/mm^3) < 100	9.202 (1.481–57.191)	0.017

DM: diabetes mellitus; PD: peritoneal dialysis.

Table 4. Clinical characteristics of 66 dialysis patients according to CD19 count at the start of the study.

Variables	CD19 > 100 (n = 41)	CD19 < 100 (n = 25)	p-values
Age	55.1 ± 13.7	53.1 ± 12.7	0.565
Sex (male/female)	21/20	17/8	0.208
DM	15 (36.6%)	10 (40%)	0.799
HD/PD	32/9	18/7	0.768
Duration of dialysis (months)	50.6 ± 37.7	78.8 ± 59.6	0.022
Body mass index	21.4 ± 2.9	22.3 ± 3.5	0.511
GNRI	101.2 ± 8.0	97.9 ± 8.4	0.121
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	131.8 ± 30.6	145.4 ± 26.5	0.062
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	78.2 ± 17.6	84.7 ± 10.2	0.065
Kt/V	1.74 ± 0.29	1.70 ± 0.22	0.504
Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio	0.42 ± 0.15	0.41 ± 0.15	0.931
Total lymphocyte count (/mm^3)	1525 ± 586	1537 ± 513	0.933
CD3 count (/mm^3)	1129 ± 406	796 ± 256	0.001
CD4 count (/mm^3)	701 ± 262	488 ± 169	0.001
CD8 count (/mm^3)	426 ± 177	302 ± 127	0.002
CD19 count (/mm^3)	176 ± 74	57 ± 26	0.001
CD4/CD8 ratio	1.7 ± 0.7	1.7 ± 0.7	0.905
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	11.1 ± 0.7	10.8 ± 0.9	0.145
Iron (ug/dL)	96.9 ± 35.9	83.7 ± 38.0	0.173
TIBC (ug/dL)	247.2 ± 38.2	249.7 ± 40.6	0.805
TSAT (%)	40.5 ± 17.5	33.5 ± 15.6	0.111
Ferritin (ng/mL)	366.4 ± 241.3	337.5 ± 295.4	0.672
BUN (mg/dL)	63.1 ± 17.1	66.1 ± 21.0	0.534
Cr (mg/dL)	9.9 ± 2.6	10.3 ± 2.2	0.472
Sodium (mEq/L)	137.8 ± 2.1	137.3 ± 4.0	0.487
Potassium (mEq/L)	5.1 ± 0.8	5.1 ± 0.8	0.987
Calcium (mg/dL)	8.9 ± 0.5	8.8 ± 0.5	0.656
Phosphorus (mg/dL)	5.1 ± 1.3	5.4 ± 1.5	0.282
Parathyroid hormone (pg/mL)	277.6 ± 251.4	171.6 ± 216.6	0.077
Albumin (g/dL)	3.9 ± 0.3	3.6 ± 0.4	0.022
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	154.8 ± 37.0	176.1 ± 54.0	0.071
High density lipid (mg/dL)	44.4 ± 19.0	50.7 ± 14.6	0.163
Low density lipid (mg/dL)	67.8 ± 24.8	81.7 ± 33.1	0.064
Uric acid (mg/dL)	7.6 ± 1.6	7.4 ± 1.4	0.748

DM: diabetes mellitus; HD: hemodialysis; PD: peritoneal dialysis; GNRI: geriatric nutritional risk index; TIBC: total iron binding capacity; TSAT: transferrin saturation.