Cigarette smoking is associated with dose-dependent adverse effects on paraoxonase activity and fibrinogen in young women

Figures & data

Table 1. Study population characteristics.

	Habitual smoker	Non-smoker	p Value
	N = 18	N = 20
Age (years)	26.6 ± 1.7	25.6 ± 1.6	0.64
BMI (kg/m^2)	23.5 ± 1.0	24.5 ± 1.0	0.48
^aHDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	52.7 ± 3.3	45.4 ± 3.1	0.12
^aTotal Cholesterol (mg/dL)	178.1 ± 15.1	201.4 ± 14.3	0.27
PON-1 (µmol  p-nitrophenol/min/ml)	0.78 ± 0.06	0.71 ± 0.058	0.45
^bPON-1 (µmol  p-nitrophenol/min/ml)	0.74 ± 0.05	0.68 ± 0.054	0.36
Fibrinogen (mg/dL)	272.1 ± 12.2	284.9 ± 11.8	0.45
^bFibrinogen (mg/dL)	264.3 ± 9.8	286.7 ± 11.1	0.14
Log HOI	−1.22 ± 0.09	−1.22 ± 0.95	0.49
^bLog HOI	−1.33 ± 0.07	−1.23 ± 0.75	0.35

^aMeans standardized by age and BMI. ^bMeans adjusted by age, BMI, standardized HDL cholesterol and standardized total cholesterol.

Values are means ± SEM. BMI: body mass index; HDL: high density lipoprotein; HOI: HDL oxidant index and PON-1: paraoxonase-1 activity.

Figure 1. Regression analysis between the number of cigarettes smoked per day and PON-1 activity (top), fibrinogen (middle) and log HDL oxidant index (bottom). PON-1: paraoxonase-1 activity. See text for discussion.