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International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition Volume 67, 2016 - Issue 1
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In Vitro and Animal Studies

Hypocholesterolaemic mechanism of bitter melon aqueous extracts via inhibition of pancreatic cholesterol esterase and reduction of cholesterol micellar solubility

Jianhui SuState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China; ;National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China; ;School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China;
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Hongxin WangState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China; ;National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China; ;School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China; Correspondence[email protected]
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Chaoyang MaState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China; ;National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China; ;School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China;
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Chengxiang LiuState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China; ;National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China; ;School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China;
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Chuanzhong GaoAnhui Tongling Ruipu Peony Industry Development Co, Ltd, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
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Rongjing NieAnhui Tongling Ruipu Peony Industry Development Co, Ltd, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
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Md Ramim Tanver RahmanState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China; ;National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China; ;School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China;
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Pages 20-28 | Received 15 May 2015, Accepted 15 Nov 2015, Published online: 13 Dec 2015
 
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Abstract

This study investigated the hypocholesterolaemic effects of bitter melon aqueous extracts (BMAE) in vitro, the inhibitory effects of BMAE on pancreatic cholesterol esterase (CEase) and incorporation of cholesterol into micelles were investigated. BMAE decreased the in vitro micellar solubility of cholesterol in a dose-dependent manner. The conformation of CEase was investigated by means of circular dichroism (CD) and fluorescence. The result revealed the decrease of α-helix contents, increase of β-sheet and exposure of aromatic amino acid residuals. The incorporation of cholesterol into micelles was inhibited by BMAE. A complex was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which indicated interaction between cholesterol and BMAE. The result revealed that BMAE can play a role in decreased intestinal cholesterol absorption via inhibition of CEase, and of micelle formation.

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