Self-reported function and disability in late life – cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Swedish version of the late-life function and disability instrument

Figures & data

Figure 1. The translation and validation procedure of the Swedish version of the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument.

Table 1. Characteristics of the study sample (n = 62).

	Study sample n = 62
	n	%	Mean (SE)	Range
Age			76	68–88
Females	54	87
Education > 12 years	28	45
White-collar work	52	84
Living alone	32	52
Body mass index (kg/m^2)			26	17–35
Mini mental state examination			28	24–30
Number of prescribed medications			3	0–13
Outside walking aid	11	18
Experienced a fall last 12 months	31	50
Health-enhancing physical activity (≥2.5 h moderate physical activity/week)	28	45
LLFDI function component
Overall score			58.0 (1.3)	38.7–81.7
Upper extremity function			72.8 (2.0)	51.3–100
Basic lower extremity function			66.4 (1.7)	43.3–100
Advanced lower extremity function			50.2 (1.9)	11.4–88.6
LLFDI disability component
Frequency			52.6 (0.9)	36.7–76.3
Limitation			73.6 (1.9)	49.2–100

SE = standard error, LLFDI = Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument.

Table 2. Mean value for test–retest, mean difference between test and retest, 95% confidence interval (95% CI), intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC_2.1), standard error of measure (SEM), coefficient of variance (SEM%), smallest real difference (SRD), smallest real difference % (SRD%), internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha), Spearman’s correlations between Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI) and Physical Component Score (SF-36 PCS) and LLFDI and Physical Function scale (PF-10).

	Test mean	Retest mean	Diff mean (95% CI)	ICC2.1	SEM	SEM%	SRD	SRD%	Cronbach’s alpha	SF-36 PCS	PF-10
LLFDI function component
Overall score	58.0	57.5	−0.5 (−0.5 to 1.6)	0.91	2.9	5	8.0	14	0.96	0.67**	0.52**
Upper extremity function	72.8	70.7	−2.1 (0.3 to 3.9)	0.87	5.1	7	14.1	20	0.94	0.39**	0.35**
Basic lower extremity function	66.4	66.0	−0.4 (−1.2 to 2.0)	0.89	4.4	7	12.1	18	0.94	0.65**	0.50**
Advanced lower extremity function	50.2	50.2	−0.0 (−1.6 to 1.6)	0.91	4.3	9	12.0	24	0.95	0.68**	0.47**
LLFDI disability component
Frequency	52.6	52.0	−0.6 (−0.4 to 1.5)	0.82	2.6	5	7.2	14	0.90	0.40**	0.34**
Limitations	73.6	72.7	−0.9 (−0.7 to 2.5)	0.91	4.1	6	11.4	16	0.95	0.63**	0.57**

**Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level.