Native and β-cyclodextrin-enclosed curcumin: entrapment within liposomes and their in vitro cytotoxicity in lung and colon cancer

Figures & data

Figure 1.  UV absorption spectra for curcumin, βCD, a physical mixture of curcumin and βCD (1:5), and βCD-C complexes (curcumin:βCD 1:1, 1:2 and 1:5). Bars (smaller than the symbols) indicate SEM of three replicates.

Figure 2.  FT-IR spectra of curcumin, βCD, a physical mixture of curcumin and βCD (1:5), and βCD-C complex (curcumin:βCD 1:5).

Figure 3.  General X-ray diffraction patterns of curcumin, βCD, a physical mixture of curcumin and βCD (1:5), and βCD-C complex (curcumin:βCD 1:5).

Figure 4.  Curcumin entrapment efficiency into βCD-C determined using UV-spectroscopy (A) and RP-HPLC (B). Bars indicate SEM of three replicates.

Figure 5.  Water solubility of curcumin alone, in physical mixtures of curcumin and βCD (1:2 and 1:5), and in βCD-C complexes (curcumin:βCD 1:2 and 1:5) at room temperature (22°C). Bars indicate SEM of three replicates.

Table 1.  Entrapment efficiency (mean ± standard deviation, n = 3) of curcumin and βCD-C complexes into liposomes with varying amounts of lipid and βCD-C complexes.

Drug	Liposome composition	Lipid and drug ratio (w/w)	Entrapment efficiency (%)
Curcumin	EggPC	5:1	72.4 ± 4.1
	Cholesterol	10:1	90.3 ± 2.1
	DSPE-PEG (85:10:5, w/w)	15:1	93.2 ± 1.5
βCD-C complexes	EggPC	20:0.5	66.5 ± 3.4
	Cholesterol	20:1.0	82.3 ± 1.7
	DSPE-PEG (85:10:5, w/w)	20:1.5	90.5 ± 1.5

Figure 6.  Changes in particle size (A) and polydispersity (B) of empty liposomes (control) or liposomes containing βCD-C complexes or curcumin during storage at 2–8°C. Bars (smaller than the symbols) indicate SEM of three replicates.

Figure 7.  Cytotoxicity of curcumin formulations in SW-620 colon cancer cells (A) and A-549 lung cancer cells (B). All other controls (empty liposome, βCD and 0.25% DMSO) produced no effect or same as PBS. Bars indicate SEM of three replicates.