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Drug Delivery Volume 23, 2016 - Issue 8
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Research Article

Intraocular distribution of topically applied hydrophilic and lipophilic substances in rat eyes

Nurul Alimah Abdul NasirFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia, ;Brain & Neuroscience, Communities of Research (Core), Research Management Institute (RMI), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia, Correspondence[email protected]
,
Puneet AgarwalDepartment of Ophthalmology, International Medical University, IMU Clinical School, Jalan Rasah, Seremban, Malaysia,
,
Renu AgarwalFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia, ;Brain & Neuroscience, Communities of Research (Core), Research Management Institute (RMI), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia,
,
Igor IezhitsaFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia, ;Brain & Neuroscience, Communities of Research (Core), Research Management Institute (RMI), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia, ;Research Institute of Pharmacology, Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd, Russia,
,
Renad AlyautdinFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia, ;Brain & Neuroscience, Communities of Research (Core), Research Management Institute (RMI), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia, ;Scientific Centre for Expertise of Medical Application Products, Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia,
,
Natalia N. NukolovaLaboratory of Chemical Design of Bionanomaterials, Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, and ;Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, Serbsky National Research Center for Social and Forensic Psychiatry, Moscow, Russia
,
Vladimir P. ChekhoninDepartment of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, Serbsky National Research Center for Social and Forensic Psychiatry, Moscow, Russia
&
Nafeeza Mohd IsmailFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia, ;Brain & Neuroscience, Communities of Research (Core), Research Management Institute (RMI), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia,
show all
Pages 2765-2771 | Received 27 May 2015, Accepted 24 Jul 2015, Published online: 14 Aug 2015

Figures & data

Figure 1. Distribution of non-liposomal hydrophilic dye in treated eye at three time points post-instillation. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body; RGC – retinal ganglionic cell layer; INL/IPL – inner nuclear and inner plexiform layer; ONL/OPL – outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer; OS – outer segment.

Figure 1. Distribution of non-liposomal hydrophilic dye in treated eye at three time points post-instillation. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body; RGC – retinal ganglionic cell layer; INL/IPL – inner nuclear and inner plexiform layer; ONL/OPL – outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer; OS – outer segment.

Figure 2. Distribution of hydrophilic dye used in liposomal formulation in treated eye at three time points post-instillation. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body; RGC – retinal ganglionic cell layer; INL/IPL – inner nuclear and inner plexiform layer; ONL/OPL – outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer; OS – outer segment.

Figure 2. Distribution of hydrophilic dye used in liposomal formulation in treated eye at three time points post-instillation. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body; RGC – retinal ganglionic cell layer; INL/IPL – inner nuclear and inner plexiform layer; ONL/OPL – outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer; OS – outer segment.

Figure 3. Distribution of liposomal hydrophilic dye in contralateral eye at three time points post-instillation. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body; RGC – Retinal ganglionic cell layer; INL/IPL – inner nuclear and inner plexiform layer; ONL/OPL – outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer; OS – outer segment.

Figure 3. Distribution of liposomal hydrophilic dye in contralateral eye at three time points post-instillation. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body; RGC – Retinal ganglionic cell layer; INL/IPL – inner nuclear and inner plexiform layer; ONL/OPL – outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer; OS – outer segment.

Figure 4. Confocal microscopic images of hydrophilic dye distribution in the eye at three time points (30, 60 and 120 min post-instillation) after single drop application. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body.

Figure 4. Confocal microscopic images of hydrophilic dye distribution in the eye at three time points (30, 60 and 120 min post-instillation) after single drop application. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body.

Figure 5. Distribution of non-liposomal lipophilic dye in treated eye three time points post-instillation. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body; RGC – Retinal ganglionic cell layer; INL/IPL – inner nuclear and inner plexiform layer; ONL/OPL – outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer; OS – outer segment.

Figure 5. Distribution of non-liposomal lipophilic dye in treated eye three time points post-instillation. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body; RGC – Retinal ganglionic cell layer; INL/IPL – inner nuclear and inner plexiform layer; ONL/OPL – outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer; OS – outer segment.

Figure 6. Distribution of liposomal lipophilic dye in treated eye at three time points post-instillation. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body; RGC – Retinal ganglionic cell layer; INL/IPL – inner nuclear and inner plexiform layer; ONL/OPL – outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer; OS – outer segment.

Figure 6. Distribution of liposomal lipophilic dye in treated eye at three time points post-instillation. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body; RGC – Retinal ganglionic cell layer; INL/IPL – inner nuclear and inner plexiform layer; ONL/OPL – outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer; OS – outer segment.

Figure 7. Distribution of liposomal lipophilic dye in contralateral eye at three time points post-instillation. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body; RGC – Retinal ganglionic cell layer; INL/IPL – inner nuclear and inner plexiform layer; ONL/OPL – outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer; OS – outer segment.

Figure 7. Distribution of liposomal lipophilic dye in contralateral eye at three time points post-instillation. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body; RGC – Retinal ganglionic cell layer; INL/IPL – inner nuclear and inner plexiform layer; ONL/OPL – outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer; OS – outer segment.

Figure 8. Distribution of non-liposomal lipophilic dye in contralateral eye at three time points post-instillation. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body; RGC – Retinal ganglionic cell layer; INL/IPL – inner nuclear and inner plexiform layer; ONL/OPL – outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer; OS – outer segment.

Figure 8. Distribution of non-liposomal lipophilic dye in contralateral eye at three time points post-instillation. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body; RGC – Retinal ganglionic cell layer; INL/IPL – inner nuclear and inner plexiform layer; ONL/OPL – outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer; OS – outer segment.

Figure 9. Confocal microscopic images of lipophilic dye distribution in the treated and contralateral eye at three time points (30, 60 and 120 min post-instillation) after single drop application. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body.

Figure 9. Confocal microscopic images of lipophilic dye distribution in the treated and contralateral eye at three time points (30, 60 and 120 min post-instillation) after single drop application. CE – corneal epithelium; CB – ciliary body.

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