Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drug delivery properties on cotton fabric using betamethasone-loaded mesoporous silica particles stabilized with chitosan and silicone softener

Figures & data

Figure 1. Chemical structure of (a) betamethasone sodium phosphate and (b) polysiloxane reactive softener.

Table 1. Structural parameters of SBA-15-NH₂ (Ghasemnejad et al., 2015).

Support	S^aBET (m^2/g)	V^bp (ml/g)	d^cp (nm)	d^d100 (nm)	b^ep (nm)
SBA-15-NH2	302	0.76	6.2	9.0	4.2

^aS_BET, BET-specific surface area.

^bV_p, specific pore volume.

^cd_p, average pore diameter, obtained from adsorption BJH data.

^dd₁₀₀, XRD inter planar spacing.

^eb_p, pore wall thickness, b_p = (a₀ − d_p) and a₀ = (2/√3) d₁₀₀.

Table 2. Preparation of various fabric samples.

	First bath	Second bath
Sample no.	SBA-15- NH^2-BSP (mg/ml)	BSP (mg/ml)	SBA-15- NH^2-BSP (mg/ml)	Chitosan [%(w/v)]	Reactive softener [% (w/v)]
Control	–	–	–	–	–
S1	2	–	–	–	–
S2	2	–	–	–	60
S3	2	–	–	1.5	–
S4	2	–	–	1.5	60
S5	–	–	2	1.5	–
S6	–	–	2	1.5	60
S7	–	2	–	1.5	–
S8	–	2	–	1.5	60

Figure 2. Flow cytometry results for the determination of living PBMCs % after being treated and incubated for 24 h with 50 μg/ml SBA-15-NH₂ and SBA-15-NH₂-BSP at 37 °C, with respect to the untreated control cells.

Figure 3. (a) Drug release profile of treated cotton samples and (b) Higuchi model of BSP release from sample S2 and S4.

Table 3. BSP release kinetic parameters for Sample S2 and S4.

	Higuchi
Silica	k	%R^2
S2	10.5	92.2
S4	6.7	91.1

Table 4. Bending length of the treated samples.

	Bending length (cm)
Sample no.	Mean	SD
Control	2.4	0.05
S1	2.6	0.04
S2	2.3	0.06
S3	3.3	0.05
S4	2.7	0.04

Figure 4. SEM images of sample SBA-15-NH2-BSP particles (a), untreated cotton fabric (b), sample S2 (c and d) and sample S4 (e and f).

Figure 5. SEM images of sample S4 after five washing cycles.

Table 5. Tensile strength of different sample.

	Maximum load (cN)
Sample	Mean	SD
Control	348	8
S1	338	7
S2	322	9
S3	308	5
S4	288	4

Table 6. Air permeability of different sample.

	Air permeability
Sample	Mean	SD
Control	560	3
S1	510	5
S2	488	2
S3	452	5
S4	440	4

Figure 6. Antibacterial properties of the treated sample against (a) E. coli and (b) S. aureus.

Table 7. Anti-bacterial properties of control and samples S1, S2, S3, S4 and S4 after five washing cycles against E. coli and S. aureus.

	Bacteria reduction (%)
Sample no.	E. coli	S. aureus
Control	No antibacterial activity	No antibacterial activity
S1	No antibacterial activity	No antibacterial activity
S2	No antibacterial activity	No antibacterial activity
S3	99.9	99.4
S4	99.9	99.4
S4 (after five  washing cycle)	94.4	92.3

Ghasemnejad M, Ahmadi E, Mohamadnia Z, et al. (2015). Functionalized silica nanoparticles as a carrier for betamethasone sodium phosphate: Drug release study and statistical optimization of drug loading by response surface method. Mat Sci Eng C 56:223–32

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