Acne vulgarism treatment using ultra-short laser pulse generated by micro- and nano-ring resonator system

Figures & data

Figure 1. Common acne scars.

Figure 2. Diagram generation 1,032 nm laser treatments, where MRR: Microring resonator, NRR: Nanoring resonator, R_i: Ring radii, K_i: Coupling constants.

Figure 3. Ultra-short pulse generation at center wavelength of 1.3 µm for (i) spatial mode and (ii) temporal mode, respectively, using Gaussian pulse.

Figure 4. Ultra-short pulse generation for spatial mode at center wavelength 1.3 µm for (i) patial mode and (ii) temporal mode, respectively, using bright soliton pulse.

Figure 5. Full width at half maximum: FWHM for temporal mode at center wavelength of 1.3µm using Gaussian pulse.

Table 1. Ring parameters used to generate ultra-short pulse for spatial and temporal modes for Gaussian input pulse at different center wavelengths.

Mode	R1 (µm)	R2 (µm)	R3 (µm)	K1	K2	K3	FWHM (nm)	Output power (mw)	Center wavelength
Spatial	15	10	3.2	0.92	0.95	0.96	0.8	38	1.1
Spatial	10	5	3	0.78	0.98	0.95	3	48	1.2
Spatial	10	5	3	0.78	0.98	0.95	15	50	1.3
Temporal	5	2	1	0.81	0.98	0.97	2	42	1.1
Temporal	10	6	2	0.81	0.98	0.98	3	37	1.2
Temporal	15.2	3	5.2	0.89	0.62	0.85	1	120	1.3

Table 2. Ring parameters used to generate ultra-short pulse for spatial and temporal modes for bright soliton input pulse at different center wavelengths.

Modes	R1 (µm)	R2 (µm)	R3 (µm)	K1	K2	K3	FWHM (nm)	Output power (mw)	Center wavelength (µm)
Spatial	5	5	5	0.52	0.68	0.76	0.3	275	1.1
Spatial	5	4	3	0.62	0.78	0.91	1.3	191	1.2
Spatial	10	5	3	0.5	0.6	0.93	0.4	178	1.3
Temporal	15	7	3.2	0.88	0.92	0.95	0.9	285	1.1
Temporal	10	5	3.1	0.88	0.92	0.95	0.27	265	1.2
Temporal	10	5	3.1	0.88	0.92	0.95	0.6	289	1.3