Figures & data
Figure 1. Optical localizer and patient chest reference.
Figure 2. Effect of normal (left) and deep (right) respiration on chest rigid body position.
Figure 3. Effect of short (left) and long (right) apnea on chest rigid body position.
Figure 4. Coughs (left) and movements of the head (right) are exclusion criteria.
Figure 5. Reproducibility of chest rigid body position over three successive apneas.
Figure 6. Stability of anatomical structures over two apneas.
Table I. Changes in chest rigid body position between successive apneas with reference to each axis (in mm).
Figure 7. Evaluation of the stable zone in apnea.
Figure 8. The first step is echographic acquisition using the localized echographic probe.
Figure 9. During the puncture, the surgeon looks at the computer screen.
