Validation of an Arabic ADAM questionnaire for androgen deficiency screening in the Arab community

Figures & data

Table I.  Characteristics of the study sample.

Personal characteristics	N (730)	%
Age in years
20–30 years	165	22.5
31–50 years	332	45.6
51–70 years	196	26.9
≥71 years	37	5.0
Marital status
Married	650	89
Not married	80	11
Educational achievement
Primary or less	89	12.2
Preparatory	135	18.5
Secondary and higher	506	69.3

Table II.  Prevalence of low serum bioavailable testosterone levels and positive Arabic ADAM questionnaire in Saudi men.

Age group, y (n = 407)	Low serum BT level %	Non-low serum BT level %	p	Positive ADAM questionnaire %	Negative ADAM questionnaire % (n = 730)	p
20–30 (96)	8.3	91.7		67.6	32.4 (165)
31–50 (184)	16.8	83.2		74.5	25.5 (332)
51–70 (109)	27.5	72.5		88.1	11.9 (196)
≥71 (18)	27.8	72.2	<0.001	98.6	1.4 (37)	<0.001

Table III.  Validity measures for Arabic ADAM questionnaire and its individual question in Saudi men.

Question	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	+PV (%)	−PV(%)
1. Do you have a decrease in libido (sex drive)?	66.2	54.5	24.4	87.9
2. Do you have a lack in energy?	71.2	43.2	21.8	87.1
3. Do you have a decrease in strength and/or endurance?	71.6	44.7	22.5	87.6
4. Have you lost height?	12.5	88	18.8	82
5. Have you noticed a decreased ‘enjoyment of life’?	39.2	61.4	18.6	81.8
6. Are you sad and/or grumpy?	27.4	70.8	17.4	81.3
7. Are your erections less strong?	70.3	39	20.4	85.5
8. Have you noted a recent deterioration in your ability to play sports?	70.8	42.9	21.2	87.2
9. Are you falling asleep after dinner?	50.7	53.2	19.3	83
10. Has there been a recent deterioration in your work performance?	55.4	57.7	22.5	85.3
Positive Arabic ADAM questionnaire	86.5	24.3	20.3	89