Performance of Massachusetts Male Aging Study (MMAS) and androgen deficiency in the aging male (ADAM) questionnaires in the prediction of free testosterone in patients aged 40 years or older treated in outpatient regimen

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic characteristics of the population.

Age	57.17 anos (±8.81)
Total testosterone	399.36 ng/dl (±120.34)
Free calculated testosterone	67.86 pg/ml (±22.23)
Bioavailable testosterone	174.89 ng/dl (±61.34)
SHBG	43.70 ng/dl (±21.46)
Body mass index	27.71 (±7.40)
Waist circumference	98.07 cm (±12.04)
Waist–hip ratio	1.06 (±0.06)

Table 2. Correlation between age, BMI, waist circumference, WHR and androgen levels.

	Age	BMI	Waist circ	WHR
TT	−0.183*	−0.135*	−0.095*	−0.06†
TLc	−0.306*	0.031‡	0.008‡	−0.009‡
TBc	−0.342*	0.013‡	−0.004‡	−0.009‡

Bold values indicate p < 0.05.

*p < 0.001; †p = 0.01; ‡non-significant.

Figure 1. Correlation between age and total testosterone (r: −0.102, p 0.028).

Figure 2. Correlation between age and free calculated testosterone (r: −0.151, p < 0.001).

Figure 3. Variation in total testosterone levels among patients (ADAM positive and ADAM negative).

Figure 4. Variation in free calculated testosterone levels among patients (ADAM positive and ADAM negative).

Table 3. Comparison of the androgen levels in patients ADAM positive and ADAM negative.

	ADAMq	N	Mean	SD	p
TT	Positive	326	395.58	124.298	NS
	Negative	134	405.88	110.644
TLc	Positive	326	66.18	21.067	0.03
	Negative	134	71.49	24.871
TBc	Positive	326	170.03	57.793	0.009
	Negative	134	187.61	68.257

Figure 5. ROC curve of the ADAM questionnaire for free calculated testosterone <65 pg/ml. Area under the curve = 0.53 (p < 0.029).

Figure 6. ROC curve of the MMAS questionnaire for free calculated testosterone <65 pg/ml. Area under the curve = 0.513 (p < 0.05).

Figure 7. Variation in total testosterone levels among patients (MMAS positive and MMAS negative).

Figure 8. Variation in free calculated testosterone levels among patients (MMAS positive and MMAS negative).

Table 4. Comparison of age, hormone levels, BMI, WHR and waist circumference between patients with normal and anormal score in MMASq.

	MMASq ≤ 4 (Normal)	MMASq ≥ 5 (Anormal)	p
Age	54.99 ± 7.80	59.35 ± 9.01	<0.001*
TT	418.71 ± 122.23	379.01 ± 115.25	<0.001*
TLc	68.87 ± 22.44	65.11 ± 20.67	0.067
TBc	179.14 ± 62.88	167.39 ± 56.28	0.038*
SHBG	46.06 ± 21.72	42.79 ± 21.65	0.114
BMI	25.29 ± 2.86	28.96 ± 5.97	<0.001*
WHR	0.96 ± 0.06	0.99 ± 00.6	<0.001*
Waist circ	92.45 ± 9.73	102.11 ± 12.00	<0.001*

*p < 0.001.

Table 5. Evaluation of the ADAM questionnaire × total testosterone.

	Total testosterone
	<346	≥346	Total
ADAM
Positive	124	201	325
Negative	38	96	134
Total	162	297	459

Sensibility: 76.5%; Specificity: 32.32%; VPP: 38.15%; VPN: 71.64%.

Table 6. Evaluation of the ADAM questionnaire × free calculated testosterone.

	Free calculated testosterone
	<65	≥65	Total
ADAM
Positive	166	159	325
Negative	60	74	134
Total	226	233	459

Sensibility: 73.45%; Specificity: 31.75%; VPP: 51.07%; VPN: 55.22%.

Table 7. Evaluation of the MMAS questionnaire × total testosterone.

	Total testosterone
	<346	≥346	Total
MMAS
Positive	109	162	271
Negative	55	139	194
Total	164	301	465

Sensibility 66.4%; Specificity 46.1%; VPP 40.22%; VPN 71.64%.

Table 8. Evaluation of the MMAS questionnaire × free calculated testosterone.

	Calculated free testosterone
	<65	≥65	Total
MMAS
Positive	137	134	271
Negative	93	101	194
Total	230	235	465

Sensibility 59.9%; Specificity 42.9%; VPP 50.55%; VPN 52.06%.

Figure 9. Total testosterone by age group (compared with Mohr et al. and Morley et al.).