Hepatoprotective activity of Stereospermum suaveolens against CCl4-induced liver damage in albino rats

Figures & data

Table 1.  Hepatoprotective activity of Stereospermum suaveolens against CCl₄-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats.

Treatment groups	SGOT (IU/L)	SGPT (IU/L)	ALP (IU/L)	TB (mg/dL)	LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)
Normal	138.9 ± 8.72	78.53 ± 14.8	46.69 ± 1.09	0.417 ± 0.04	42.37 ± 1.37
CCl4	438.2 ± 92.9^a	433.7 ± 13.9^a	396.0 ± 7.03^a	3.197 ± 0.06^a	61.65 ± 2.33^a
Positive control (Liv-52, 56 mg/kg)	136.4 ± 3.78^***	144.4 ± 2.88^***	94.18 ± 3.33^***	0.575 ± 0.03^***	47.41 ± 0.52^***
SSE (125 mg/kg)	195.0 ± 3.26^***	198.8 ± 2.39^***	169.7 ± 4.34^***	1.198 ± 0.06^**	50.07 ± 1.24^**
SSE (250 mg/kg)	169.8 ± 12.1^***	185.1 ± 2.03^***	138.0 ± 13.1^***	0.588 ± 0.1^***	48.97 ± 4.35^**
SSE (500 mg/kg)	149.7 ± 4.05^***	181.0 ± 2.07^***	131.7 ± 8.41^***	0.574 ± 0.14^***	36.71 ± 1.04^***

Values are mean ± SEM, n = 6, one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by multiple Dunnett t-test, ^*p <0.05,

^**p <0.01, ^***p <0.001 as compared with control (CCl₄ treated) group and ^ap <0.001, as compared with the normal group.

SSE, Stereospermum suaveolens extract.

Table 2.  Antioxidant activity of Stereospermum suaveolens against CCl₄-induced hepatotoxicity.

Group	SOD (U/mg of protein)	CAT (U/mg of protein)	GSH (nM/mg Protein)	Total thiols (µM/mg Protein)	Nitric oxide (nM/mg of Protein)	LPO (nM/mg of Protein)
Normal	280.1 ± 26.3	0.44 ± 0.02	16.1 ± 0.74	21.6 ± 0.75	0.033 ± 0.001	32.55 ± 2.07
CCl4	33.16 ± 1.3^a	0.08 ± 0.02^a	10.28 ± 0.46^a	8.73 ± 0.27^a	0.051 ± 0.001^a	60.18 ± 2.08^a
Positive control (Liv-52, 56 mg/kg)	286.6 ± 25.7^*	0.47 ± 0.04^***	13.84 ± 0.51^***	16.6 ± 0.29^***	0.038 ± 0.001^***	18.46 ± 2.21^***
SSE (125 mg/kg)	265.9 ± 46.0^*	0.3 ± 0.0^***	12.62 ± 0.53^**	16.06 ± 0.29^***	0.036 ± 0.003^**	38.38 ± 1.92^***
SSE (250 mg/kg)	300.0 ± 113.3^**	0.34 ± 0.02^***	15.49 ± 0.54^***	17.7 ± 0.75^***	0.023 ± 0.002^***	30.67 ± 2.97^***
SSE ( 500 mg/kg)	278.6 ± 57.0^**	0.31 ± 0.01^***	15.71 ± 0.56^***	15.65 ± 0.5^***	0.027 ± 0.002^***	27.12 ± 2.46^***

Values are mean ± SEM, n = 6, one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by multiple Dunnet t-test, *p <0.05, ^**p <0.01, ^***p <0.001 as compared with control (CCl₄ treated) group and ^ap <0.001, as compared with normal group. SSE, Stereospermum suaveolens extract.

Figure 1.  Histopathological observations of normal group rat liver (A), showing normal hepatic architecture, absence of centrilobular necrosis and macrovesicular fatty changes, and no dilation of portal vein. The control (CCl₄-treated) group rat liver (B), exhibited intense centrilobular necrosis, vacuolization, macrovesicular fatty changes and distorted central vein architecture. The positive control group rat liver (C) also restores the normal histopathological observations.

Figure 2.  Histopathological observations of dose125 mg/kg treated group (D), 250 mg/kg treated group (E) and 500 mg/kg of extract-treated groups showed almost normal hepatic architecture, absence of centrilobular necrosis and macrovesicular fatty changes and no dilation of portal vein, but high dose (500 mg/kg) treated group showed some vacuolization and dilation of hepatic vein.