Antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of Swietenia mahagoni in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Figures & data

Table 1.  Body weight of normal and methanol extract of S. mahagoni-treated diabetic rats.

Group	Dose	Initial body weight (g)	Final body weight (g)
I (normal saline control)	5 mL/kg (p.o.)	182.16 ± 7.0	190.00 ± 6.9
II (STZ)	65 mg/kg (i.p.)	191.50 ± 8.5	141.33 ± 5.8*
III (STZ + extract)	25 mg/kg (p.o.)	170.50 ± 5.1	165.16 ± 5.3
IV (STZ + extract)	50 mg/kg (p.o.)	189.16 ± 8.8	173.83 ± 6.3
V (STZ + glibenclamide)	0.5 mg/kg (p.o.)	187.33 ± 9.5	175.50 ± 6.4**

Note. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM from n = 6; *p < 0.001 compared with saline control group, **p < 0.05 compared with STZ-control group.

Table 2.  Fasting blood glucose levels in normal and methanol extract of S. mahagoni-treated diabetic rats.

Group	Dose	Blood glucose level (mg/dL)
		Day 0	Day 5	Day 10	Day 15
I (normal saline control)	5 mL/kg (p.o.)	74.66 ± 4.2	73.33 ± 3.1	73.16 ± 3.3	75.00 ± 3.0
II (STZ)	65 mg/kg (i.p.)	260.33 ± 12.3*	266.50 ± 11.2*	279.83 ± 9.8*	296.50 ± 10.7*
III (STZ + extract)	25 mg/kg (p.o.)	268.50 ± 17.7	78.83 ± 1.6**	74.16 ± 1.7**	74.50 ± 1.1**
IV (STZ + extract)	50 mg/kg (p.o.)	283.83 ± 27.8	102.50 ± 9.1**	85.16 ± 2.2**	82.33 ± 5.1**
V (STZ + glibenclamide)	0.5 mg/kg (p.o.)	297.00 ± 19.1	98.83 ± 6.9**	74.66 ± 2.4**	73.50 ± 1.7**

Note. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM from n = 6; *p < 0.001 compared with saline control group and **p < 0.001 compared with STZ-control group.

Table 3.  TBARS levels in tissues of normal and methanol extract of S. mahagoni-treated diabetic rats.

Group	Dose	TBARS (mmol/100 g wet tissue)
		Liver	Kidney
Normal saline control	5 mL/kg (p.o.)	1.00 ± 0.09	1.52 ± 0.1
STZ	65 mg/kg (i.p.)	1.82 ± 0.07*	2.46 ± 0.2**
STZ + MESM	25 mg/kg (p.o.)	1.14 ± 0.09^#	1.55 ± 0.1***
STZ + MESM	50 mg/kg (p.o.)	1.31 ± 0.08	1.62 ± 0.1***
STZ + glibenclamide	0.5 mg/kg (p.o.)	1.05 ± 0.09^##	1.56 ± 0.08***

Note. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM from n = 6; *p < 0.01, **p < 0.001 compared with saline control group and ^#p< 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 compared with STZ-control group.

Table 4.  Levels of GSH in tissues of normal and methanol extract of S. mahagoni-treated diabetic rats.

Group	Dose	Glutathione (mg/100 g tissue)
		Liver	Kidney
Normal saline control	5 mL/kg (p.o.)	44.50 ± 1.7	21.58 ± 1.8
STZ	65 mg/kg (i.p.)	23.48 ± 1.7*	5.95 ± 2.1*
STZ + MESM	25 mg/kg (p.o.)	41.30 ± 2.1^#	14.65 ± 1.4
STZ + MESM	50 mg/kg (p.o.)	34.56 ± 3.2**	13.70 ± 1.0
STZ + glibenclamide	0.5 mg/kg (p.o.)	38.58 ± 1.9^#	14.51 ± 1.9

Note. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM from n = 6; *p < 0.001 compared with saline control group and **p < 0.01, ^#p < 0.001 compared with STZ-control group.

Table 5.  CAT activity^a in tissues of normal and methanol extract of S. mahagoni-treated diabetic rats.

Group	Dose	CAT (U/mg protein)
		Liver	Kidney
Normal saline control	5 mL/kg (p.o.)	83.58 ± 2.2	37.50 ± 2.3
STZ	65 mg/kg (i.p.)	44.16 ± 2.9*	24.25 ± 1.9**
STZ + MESM	25 mg/kg (p.o.)	70.33 ± 2.6***	29.91 ± 2.1
STZ + MESM	50 mg/kg (p.o.)	64.75 ± 2.1***	30.16 ± 2.3
STZ + glibenclamide	0.5 mg/kg (p.o.)	72.58 ± 2.3***	35.58 ± 1.8^#

Note. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM from n = 6; *p < 0.001, **p < 0.01 compared with saline control group and ***p < 0.001, ^#p < 0.05 compared with STZ-control group.

^aUnits (U) are µmol of hydrogen peroxide consumed/min/mg protein.