Cardioprotective effect of whole fruit extract of pomegranate on doxorubicin-induced toxicity in rat

Figures & data

Figure 1.  Densitogram of WFEP with gallic acid standard. The aqueous extract of WFEP in various concentrations of 30, 60, 90, 150, and 450 µg/spot as E1, E2, E3, E4, and E5, respectively, and G, gallic acid 2 µg/spot.

Figure 2.  Densitogram of WFEP with quercetin standard. Densitogram of the aqueous extract of WFEP in various concentrations of 30, 60, 90, and 150 µg/spot as E1, E2, E3, and E4, respectively, as well as quercetin 2 µg/spot.

Table 1.  Effect of Dox (10 mg/kg) and WFEP (100 mg/kg) + Dox on ECG (ST and QT intervals and heart rate), tissue parameters (MDA, GSH, and SOD) per mg of protein and HW to BW ratio of three experimental groups.

Groups/parameters	Control	Dox	WFEP + Dox
ST interval (ms)	36.0 ± 1.95	43.14 ± 1.86*	40.5 ± 1.82^NS
QT interval (ms)	66.88 ± 1.56	76.86 ± 1.99**	69.7 ± 1.33^†
Heart rate (bpm)	367.9 ± 9.13	308.3 ± 12.47**	358.5 ± 16.91^†
LPO (nM of MDA/mg protein)	2.69 ± 0.21	4.09 ± 0.21**	3.48 ± 0.17^NS
GSH (µg of GSH/mg protein)	27.51 ± 0.7	17.79 ± 1.01**	24.22 ± 1.7^†
SOD (U/mg protein)	9.24 ± 0.91	4.76 ± 0.79**	7.58 ± 0.61^NS
HW/BW ratio	2.72 ± 0.02 × 10^−3	2.67 ± 0.11 × 10^−3	2.7 ± 0.09 × 10^−3NS

Values are mean ± SEM; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 comparing Dox with control group; ^†p < 0.05 comparing Dox with WFEP group; NS, non significant; HW, heart weight; BW, body weight.

Figure 3.  ECG pattern showing the difference in QT and ST intervals in three study groups.

Figure 4.  Changes in the CK-MB, LDH, and AST enzyme activities in three experimental groups: (IU/L). ⁺p < 0.05, ⁺⁺p < 0.01 compares Dox with WFEP group; ***p < 0.001 comparing Dox with control group; NS, non significant.

Table 2.  Effect of WFEP (100 mg/kg/d) intake followed by Dox (10 mg/kg) administration on histopathological changes in the hearts of rats.

Groups	Myocardial atrophy	Nuclear pyknosis	Cytoplasmic vacuoles	Cytoplasmic eosinophilia	Vascular congestion
Control	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.0
Dox	3.0	2.67	2.67	2.67	0.67
WFEP + Dox	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	0.0

Values are expressed as mean (4 = 60–90% damage, 3 = 30–60% damage, 2 = 5–30% damage, 1 = less than5% damage and 0 = no damage or change in the heart tissues).