Figures & data
Figure 1. Chemical structures of two secondary metabolites of Artemisia annua, artemisinin and 1,8-cineole, tested for codling moth deterrence in this study. Both these compounds exhibit weak deterrent effects, which do not explain deterrent activity of A. annua extracts toward codling moth neonates, suggesting presence of other codling moth deterrent compounds in this plant.
![Figure 1. Chemical structures of two secondary metabolites of Artemisia annua, artemisinin and 1,8-cineole, tested for codling moth deterrence in this study. Both these compounds exhibit weak deterrent effects, which do not explain deterrent activity of A. annua extracts toward codling moth neonates, suggesting presence of other codling moth deterrent compounds in this plant.](/cms/asset/8002ce37-e3ac-4ecb-83dd-eb9334d9d4c0/iphb_a_528433_f0001_b.gif)
Figure 2. Test arena in our bioassay. (A, C) Plugs treated with experimental solutions. (B, D) Plugs treated with control solutions. (E) Glass rod.
![Figure 2. Test arena in our bioassay. (A, C) Plugs treated with experimental solutions. (B, D) Plugs treated with control solutions. (E) Glass rod.](/cms/asset/e0120308-6b84-4f7c-9832-0a2f09bcf06b/iphb_a_528433_f0002_b.gif)
Table 1. Effects of crude extract from Artemisia annua on apple feeding by codling moth neonates.
Table 2. Effects of alcoholic solutions of artemisinin on apple feeding by codling moth neonates.
Table 3. Effects of alcoholic solutions of 1,8-cineole on apple feeding by codling moth neonates.
Table 4. Effects of partitioning on codling moth deterrent effects of Artemisia annua extract.