Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Aegle marmelos fruit on radical scavenging activity and exercise-endurance capacity in mice

Figures & data

Figure 1. Inhibitory effect of AME extract on AAPH (20 mM) induced pBR322 DNA damage. Lane 1, plasmid only (negative control); Lane 2, plasmid + AAPH (positive control); Lane 3–5, plasmid DNA + AAPH + extract (25, 50 and 100 µg); Lane 6, chlorogenic acid (5 µg).

Figure 2. Inhibitory effect of AME extract on AAPH (20 mM) induced oxidative fragmentation of BSA. Lane 1, BSA only; Lane 2, BSA + AAPH (positive control); Lane 3–7, BSA + AAPH + extract (100, 80, 60, 40 and 20 µg); Lane 8, chlorogenic acid (5 µg).

Figure 3. Inhibitory effect of AME extract on AAPH (20 mM) induced lipid peroxidation.

Figure 4. HPLC chromatogram of AME extract. Retention time in min (RT): gallic acid 9.0, chlorogenic acid 20.4, tannic acid 25, ferulic acid 30.6 and quercetin 44.7.

Figure 5. Effect of AME on body weight of mice. 1: sedentary control, 2: exercise control, 3:100 mg AME/kg b.wt, 4: 200 mg AME/kg b.wt and 5: 400 mg AME/kg b.wt AME.

Figure 6. Effect of AME on swimming duration to exhaustion of mice. As compared with exercise control: ^ap < 0.05, ^bp < 0.01.

Table 1. Effect of AME on the blood parameters.

Groups	l-Lactic acid (mg/dl)	Free fatty acid (mmol/l)	BUN (U/dl)
Group I	11.67 ± 2.8	0.87 ± 0.08	11.22 ± 1.8
Group II	67.50 ± 5.9^a	1.33 ± 0.10^a	15.53 ± 1.4^a
Group III	70.68 ± 6.3	1.30 ± 0.14	14.52 ± 1.6
Group IV	55.17 ± 6.2^c	1.40 ± 0.14	15.15 ± 1.8
Group V	50.98 ± 7.0^c	1.70 ± 0.10^c	12.02 ± 1.1^b

Values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 6). Group I (sedentary control), Group II (exercise control), Group III (100 mg AME), Group IV (200 mg AME), Group V (400 mg AME). As compared with sedentary control: ^ap < 0.01. As compared with exercise control: ^bp < 0.05, ^cp < 0.01.

Figure 7. Effect of AME on glycogen content. 1: sedentary control, 2: exercise control, 3: 100 mg AME/kg b.wt, 4: 200 mg AME/kg b.wt and 5: 400 mg AME/kg b.wt AME. As compared with sedentary control: ^ap < 0.01. As compared with exercise control: ^bp < 0.05, ^cp < 0.01.

Figure 8. Effect of AME hepatic lipid peroxidation. 1: sedentary control, 2: exercise control, 3: 100 mg AME/kg b.wt, 4: 200 mg AME/kg b.wt and 5: 400 mg AME/kg b.wt. As compared with sedentary control: ^ap < 0.01. As compared with exercise control: ^bp < 0.05, ^cp < 0.01.

Table 2. Effect of AME on the hepatic antioxidant enzymes.

Groups	SOD (U/mg protein)	Catalse (nmol H2O2/min/mg protein)	GPx (nmol ADPH/min/mg protein)
Group I	14.90 ± 2.1	56.70 ± 4.5	5.3 ± 0.74
Group II	9.53 ± 1.3^a	46.22 ± 3.3^a	6.4 ± 0.75
Group III	9.13 ± 1.4	42.18 ± 5.2	6.1 ± 0.84
Group IV	12.08 ± 1.1^b	45.38 ± 5.3	5.2 ± 0.50
Group V	12.23 ± 1.3^b	53.90 ± 3.6^b	5.9 ± 0.80

Values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 6). Group I (sedentary control), Group II (exercise control), Group III (100 mg AME), Group IV (200 mg AME), Group V (400 mg AME). As compared with sedentary control: ^ap < 0.01. As compared with exercise control: ^bp < 0.05.

Figure 9. Western blots analysis of Hsp-70 and skeletal muscle metabolic regulators in muscle tissues of mice. 1: exercise control, 2: sedentary control, 3: 100 mg AME/kg b.wt, 4: 200 mg AME/kg b.wt and 5: 400 mg AME/kg b.wt AME.