Vitamin E: A potential therapy for gastric mucosal injury

Figures & data

Table 1. Effects of vitamin E oxidative stress parameters in various gastric lesion models.

		Gastric parameters							Reference
Vitamin E	Induction model	MDA	GSH	GPx	SOD	Catalase	XO	MPO
α-Tocopherol	Indomethacin	nd	+	nd	+	+	nd	+	Odabasoglu et al., 2008
α-Tocopherol + tocotrienol	Indomethacin	+	±	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	Nafeeza & Kang, 2005
Tocotrienol-rich fraction	Aspirin	+	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	Jaarin et al., 2002
α-Tocopherol	Aspirin	+	+	+	+	nd	±	+	Fesharaki et al., 2006; Cuevas et al., 2011
α-Tocopherol	Ethanol	+	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	Cuevas et al., 2011; Senol et al., 2011
Tocotrienol-rich fraction	Ethanol	+	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	Jaarin et al., 1999, 2000
α-Tocopherol	HCl+ethanol	+	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	Suzuki et al., 1998
α-Tocopherol	Restraint stress	+	+	±	±	nd	nd	nd	Nur Azlina et al., 2009
Tocotrienol	Restraint stress	+	+	+	±	nd	nd	nd	Nur Azlina et al., 2009
α-Tocopherol	WIRS	+	nd	nd	nd	nd	+	nd	Kamisah et al., 2011
Tocotrienol-rich fraction	WIRS	+	nd	nd	nd	nd	+	nd	Kamisah et al., 2011
α-Tocopherol	H. pylori + WIRS	+	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	Oh et al., 2005
α-Tocopherol	H. pylori	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	+	Sugimoto et al., 2006
α-Tocopherol	C48/80	+	nd	+	nd	nd	+	+	Ohta et al., 2006

+, beneficial effect; ±, no effect; nd, not determined; MDA, malondialdehyde; GSH, glutathione; GPx, glutathione peroxidase, SOD, superoxide dismutase; XO, xanthine oxidase; MPO, myeloperoxidase; WIRS, water-immersion restraint stress.

Table 2. Vitamin E effects on hormones and neurotransmitters.

		Parameter
Vitamin E	Induction model	Corticosterone	ACTH	Gastrin	NA	Adr	ACh	Histamine	References
α-Tocopherol	WIRS	+	+	+	+	+	+	nd	Mohd Fahami et al., 2012; Ibrahim et al., 2008, 2011, 2012
α-Tocopherol	WIRS	±	±	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	Ohta et al., 2009
Tocotrienol-rich fraction	WIRS	+	+	+	+	+	+	nd	Mohd Fahami et al., 2012; Ibrahim et al., 2008, 2011, 2012
α-Tocopherol	Restraint stress	+	nd	±	±	nd	nd	nd	Nur Azlina et al., 2005; Nur Azlina & Nafeeza, 2008
Tocotrienol	Restraint stress	+	nd	+	+	nd	nd	nd	Nur Azlina et al., 2005; Nur Azlina & Nafeeza, 2008
α-Tocopherol	C48/80	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	nd	±	Ohta et al., 2009

+, Beneficial effect; ±, no effect; nd, not determined; WIRS, water-immersion restraint stress; NA, noradrenalin; Adr, adrenalin; Ach, acetylcholine.

Figure 1. Possible gastroprotective effects of vitamin E in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal injury.

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