Effects of Grifola frondosa non-polar bioactive components on high-fat diet fed and streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic mice

Figures & data

Table 1. Inhibitory concentrations (IC₅₀) of non-polar fraction of G. frondosa (GF) and acarbose on α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities.

	IC50 (mg/ml)
Samples	α-Glucosidase	α-Amylase
GF	0.0332 ± 0.0003*	0.671 ± 0.036*
Acarbose	4.78 ± 0.02	0.0393 ± 0.0017

Values represent mean ± SE (n = 8).

*Significant difference from the acarbose at p < 0.05.

Table 2. Effects of non-polar fraction of G. frondosa (GF) and streptozotocin on the body weight gain.

	Body weight (g)
Groups	Initial	Final
Control	22.2 ± 1.3	25.1 ± 1.8
HFD	21.9 ± 1.4	25.2 ± 1.7
HFD + Acar	21.6 ± 1.4	24.7 ± 3.6
HFD + GF300	22.1 ± 1.8	23.3 ± 3.1*
HFD + GF600	22.3 ± 1.6	21.4 ± 1.9*

Values represent mean ± SE (n = 8).

*The final body weight was significantly difference from the HFD at p < 0.05.

Table 3. Effects of non-polar fraction of G. frondosa (GF) on lipid profile and hyperglycemic indicators in high-fat diet fed and streptozotocin-induced mice.

Treatments	TG (mg/dl)	TC (mg/dl)	Glucose (mg/dl)	Insulin (ng/ml)	ABG (mg/dl)	HbA1c (%)	MDA (μg/dl)	GPx^a (mU/ml)
Control	41.2 ± 9.9	54.8 ± 10.6	92.2 ± 8.5	0.21 ± 0.01	69.5 ± 3.5	4.2 ± 0.1	6.4 ± 0.1	1129.3 ± 13.8
HFD	36.5 ± 2.7	93.5 ± 6.4#	147.6 ± 11.4#	0.22 ± 0.02	71.2 ± 1.4	4.2 ± 0.4	13.1 ± 0.3#	829.4 ± 20.5#
HFD + Acar	40.5 ± 4.9	82.6 ± 4.9	140.7 ± 20.2	1.17 ± 0.05*	78.5 ± 2.4	4.4 ± 0.1	16.4 ± 0.8#	820.1 ± 19.4#
HFD + GF300	39.2 ± 2.8	84.1 ± 5.7	134.5 ± 21.1	0.69 ± 0.19*	75.5 ± 1.5	4.3 ± 0.5	13.4 ± 1.7#	802.9 ± 23.6#
HFD + GF600	34.4 ± 4.5	72.6 ± 5.5*	105.8 ± 23.6*	0.53 ± 0.14*	62.1 ± 1.2*	3.9 ± 0.1*	15.6 ± 1.2#	815.2±19.8#

Values represent mean ± SE (n = 8); #significant difference from the control at p < 0.05; *significant difference from the HFD at p < 0.05; Acar, acarbose; TG, triglycerides; TC, total cholesterols; ABG, average blood glucose; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; MDA, malondialdehyde.

^aLiver glutathione peroxidase activity.

Figure 1. A representative total ion chromatogram of non-polar fraction of G. frondosa. C16:0: palmitic acid (71.3 ± 2.2 mg/ml), C16:1: palmitoleic acid (5.57 ± 0.48 mg/ml), C17:0 (internal standard): heptadecenoic acid, C18:0: stearic acid (5.71 ± 0.08 mg/ml), C18:1: oleic acid (388 ± 5.8 mg/ml), C18:2: linoleic acid (327 ± 6.1 mg/ml). Values are mean ± SE (n = 3).