Qualitative and quantitative analysis of amorfrutins, novel antidiabetic dietary natural products, by HPLC

Figures & data

Figure 1. Chemical structures and UV and HR-ESI-MS spectra of three amorfrutins. AC, 2-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxy-4-geranylbibenzyl; AA, amorfrutin A; AB, amorfrutin B.

Figure 2. HPLC chromatograms of mixed standards (A) and extract of Amorpha fruticosa fruits (B). AC, 2-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxy-4-geranylbibenzyl; AA, amorfrutin A; AB, amorfrutin B.

Table 1. Regression equations, correlation coefficients (r²), linear ranges, limits of detection (LOD), and limits of quantification (LOQ) for three amorfrutins.

Analyte^a	Regression equation	r^2	Linear range (μg/mL)	LOD (ng/mL)	LOQ (ng/mL)
AC	y = 6884.4 x + 3170.4	0.9999	4.2−84.5	16	91
AA	y = 10226x + 3003.9	0.9999	4.5−90.2	23	90
AB	y = 7527.4 x + 2880.9	0.9999	4.6−92.7	19	90

^aAC, 2-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxy-4-geranylbibenzyl; AA, amorfrutin A; AB, amorfrutin B.

Table 2. Contents of three amorfrutins in different plant materials (mg/g dry weight)^a.

Sample code	Species	Plant organ	Collection time	Collection site	AC^b	AA	AB	Total
AF-1	Amorpha fruticosa	Fruit	October 2012	Suqian, Jiangsu	1.61 ± 0.02^c	0.70 ± 0.01^c	1.02 ± 0.01^c	3.33 ± 0.01^b
AF-2		Fruit	October 2012	Hangzhou, Zhejiang	1.31 ± 0.01^a	0.61 ± 0.01^b	0.75 ± 0.01^b	2.67 ± 0.02^a
AF-3		Fruit	September 2013	Zhengzhou, Henan	1.43 ± 0.02^b	0.54 ± 0.02^a	0.64 ± 0.01^a	2.61 ± 0.04^a
AF-4		Fruit	October 2013	Nantong, Jiangsu	7.43 ± 0.09^f	3.52 ± 0.01^f	4.63 ± 0.01^f	15.58 ± 0.10^e
AF-5		Fruit	October 2013	Shuyang, Jiangsu	2.43 ± 0.01^e	1.04 ± 0.03^e	1.35 ± 0.05^e	4.82 ± 0.07^d
AF-6		Fruit	October 2013	Linyi, Shandong	2.26 ± 0.02^d	0.91 ± 0.02^d	1.13 ± 0.02^d	4.30 ± 0.03^c
AC-1	Amorpha canescens	Fruit	September 2013	Nanchong, Sichuan	nd^c	nd	nd	nd
GU-1	Glycyrrhiza uralensis	Root	November 2013	Fuhai, Xinjiang	nd	nd	nd	nd
GI-1	Glycyrrhiza inflate	Root	November 2013	Fuhai, Xinjiang	nd	nd	nd	nd
GG-1	Glycyrrhiza glabra	Root	November 2013	Fuhai, Xinjiang	nd	nd	nd	nd

^aEach value is expressed as a mean ± standard deviation (n = 3), and different superscript letters in the same column indicate significant difference (p < 0.05) between the values.

^bAC, 2-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxy-4-geranylbibenzyl; AA, amorfrutin A; AB, amorfrutin B.

^cnd, not detected.