Lower mortality following coronary arterial revascularization in patients taking statins

Figures & data

Table I. Comparison of patient demographics in the statin group and control group for patients who underwent coronary arterial bypass grafting at Landspitali University Hospital, 2002–2006. Number of patients is given with percentage in parentheses, except for age, BMI, and EuroSCORE where mean (SD) is given. For skin-to-skin time, bypass time and X-clamp time, the mean value and range is shown.

	Statin group (n = 529)	Control group (n = 191)	p-value
Age, years (std.)	66.2 (9.2)	67.0 (9.2)	0.270
BMI, kg/m^2 (std.)*	28.3 (4.3)	27.0 (3.7)	< 0.001
Hypertension	343 (65)	100 (52)	0.003
Male	442 (83)	120 (78)	0.109
Diabetes	82 (16)	27 (14)	0.739
Family history of IHD**	276 (52)	68 (44)	0.091
Current smoker	133 (25)	41 (22)	0.346
Ejection fraction, %	54 (9.9)	51 (11.7)	< 0.001
EuroSCORE (st)	4.6	5.7	< 0.001
Acetylsalicylic acid	424 (80)	89 (47)	< 0.001
Beta-blocker	482 (76)	81 (42)	< 0.001
Ca-blocker	123 (23)	26 (14)	0.007
Acute operation, %	12 (2)	13 (7)	0.007
OPCAB, %	131 (25)	53 (28)	0.475
Skin-to-skin time, min (range)	204 (85–555)	207 (120–420)	0.381
Bypass time, min (range)	85 (28–366)	88 (32–246)	0.521
X-clamp time, min (range)	43 (13–191)	42 (19–106)	0.830

*BMI = body mass index, **IHD = ischemic heart disease.

Table II. Comparison of minor and major complications in patients treated with statins and controls who were not, all of whom underwent coronary arterial bypass grafting at Landspitali University Hospital 2002–2006. The number of patients is given with percentage in parentheses, except for days in hospital and days in ICU, where median (range) is given.

	Statin group (n = 529)	Control group (n = 191)	p-value
Minor complications	282 (53)	88 (58)	0.328
Atrial fibrillation	205 (39)	89 (47)	0.071
Surgical wound infection	53 (10)	12 (6)	0.162
Pneumonia	32 (6)	13 (7)	0.845
Thoracocentesis	60 (11)	34 (18)	0.032
Urinary tract infection	17 (3)	10 (5)	0.299
Major complications	132 (25)	48 (21)	0.305
Stroke	11 (2)	5 (3)	0.884
Mediastinitis	3 (1)	3 (2)	0.399
Myocardial infarction	67 (13)	28 (15)	0.566
Renal dialysis/ultrafiltration	10 (2)	2 (1)	0.652
Reoperation for bleeding	16 (3)	9 (5)	0.389
Multiple organ failure/ARDS*	14 (3)	9 (5)	0.250
Days in hospital, median (range)	10 (1–75)	11 (1–96)	0.494
Days in ICU**, median (range)	1.0 (1–25)	1.0 (1–35)	0.252
Operative mortality ( ≤ 30 days)	9 (2)	9 (6)	< 0.001

*ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome, **ICU = intensive care unit.

Table III. The finalized multiple logistic regression analysis of factors affecting 30-day operative mortality. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value is shown.

Risk factor for death within 30 days of surgery	OR (95% CI)	p-value
Advanced age	1.10 (1.02–1.18)	0.016
Ejection fraction (EF)	0.96 (0.92–1.00)	0.090
EuroSCORE (st)	1.28 (1.10–150)	0.002
Acute operation	5.91 (1.47–23.72)	0.012
Preoperative statin usage	0.33 (0.11–0.98)	0.043
Preoperative acetylsalicylic acid usage	1.16 (0.37–3.63)	0.805
Preoperative beta-blocker usage	0.88 (0.30–2.62)	0.818