Studies of Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency

Figures & data

Figure 1.  Relationship of GGT to COPD severity according to NICE [21]. The mean GGT (± SEM) is shown related to increasing severity in the stage of COPD. The significance of the relationship (p) is shown using the Jonckheere-Terpstra test.

Table 1.  Demographic, smoking, alcohol and pulmonary function data for each liver disease category

		No history of liver disease	Jaundice	Hepatitis	Cirrhosis
N =		289	38	12	5
Age (S.E.)	mean	50.3 (0.6)	46.8 (1.2)	51.2 (2.6)	52.7 (3.4)
Gender	n =
Male		176 (61%)	20 (53%)	8 (67%)	5 (100%)
Female		113 (39%)	18 (47%)	4 (33%)	0
Smoking status	n =
Never		57 (20%)	8 (21%)	3 (25%)	2 (40%)
Ex		200 (69%)	26 (68%)	8 (67%)	3 (60%)
Current		32 (11%)	4 (11%)	1 (8%)	0
Pack years smoked (S.E.)	mean	20.7 (0.9)	17.1 (1.9)	29.3 (5.2)	17.3 (9.0)
Alcohol consumption	n =
None		82 (29%)	14 (37%)	3 (25%)	4 (80%)
Within guidelines		160 (56%)	22 (58%)	5 (42%)	1 (20%)
In excess of guidelines		45 (16%)	2 (5%)	4 (33%)	0
FEV1 (% predicted) (S.E.)	mean	55.5 (1.8)	64.1 (5.3)	55.3 (10.2)	60.5 (17.3)
FEV1:FVC (S.E.)	mean	44.1 (1.2)	49.3 (3.7)	41.5 (5.6)	50.4 (8.1)
Number with airflow obstruction		231 (80%)	28 (74%)	10 (83%)	4 (80%)

There were no significant differences in any of these parameters between the 4 groups.% in parentheses relate to the proportion of each group.

Figure 2.  Relationship of GGT (iU/L) to alcohol consumption categories. The mean GGT (± SEM) is shown related to alcohol consumption (none; within; or greater than recommended U.K. government guidelines). The significance (p) of differences between groups is shown.

Figure 3.  Serum GGT in survivors and non-survivors. The mean GGT (± SEM) is shown for subjects who have died compared to those who have survived. The significance of the difference (p) is shown.