Purification and in vitro toxicity of gamma amanitin

Abstract

We aimed to obtain gamma amanitin with high purity through a purification process and compare toxic effects of alpha, beta, and gamma amanitin. Specific concentrations of the toxins (25, 10, 1, and 0.1 μg/mL) were applied to the C3A human hepatocytes. A MTT test was performed to determine the level of toxicity. Alpha amanitin showed a higher toxicity in 48 h while the lowest toxicity was observed in beta amanitin. The toxicity level of gamma amanitin was found between the alpha and beta amanitin toxicity. Our method is suitable for obtaining gamma amanitin with high purity (>99%) as well as for obtaining alpha amanitin and beta amanitin. Gamma amanitin has been shown to have equal responsibility for toxicity as alpha amanitin in amanita poisoning.

• Alpha amanitin
• beta amanitin
• gamma amanitin
• MTT assay
• C3A human hepatocyte cell line

Declaration of interest

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. “This project is supported by Duzce University Research Fund Project Number: 2013.04.01.164”.