Fabrication and characterization of cefazolin-loaded nanofibrous mats for the recovery of post-surgical wound

Figures & data

Figure 1. In-vitro characterization [(A) SEM, (B) DSC and (C) XRD]. The figure to the left illustrates the characterization of plain drug and right side for drug loaded nanofibers.

Figure 2. FTIR spectra of cefazolin, gelatin and cefazolin-loaded gelatin nanofibers.

Figure 3. Degree of swelling of fabricated nanofibers at different time intervals.

Table I. Water permeability and bacterial permeability of cefazolin gelatin wound dressing.

Formulations	Water evaporation (g/m^2) day	Bacterial permeability
Plain gelatin nanofiber	2556 ± 1.5	CFU detected
Drug loaded gelatin nanofiber	2112 ± 2.3	Impermeable

Figure 4. Release of cefazolin from cross-linked gelatin nanofibers.

Table II. Zones of inhibition (antimicrobial activity) fabricated nanofibers against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.

	Zone of Inhibition (cm)
	S. aureus		P. aeruginosa
Formulations	After 24 h	After 48 h	After 24 h	After 48 h
Plain gelatin nanofibers	–	–	–	–
Cefazolin	1.8 ± 0.1	1.7 ± 0.1	1.7 ± 0.1	1.7 ± 0.1
Cefazolin-loaded nanofibers	1.9 ± 0.1	2.7 ± 0.1	2.0 ± 0.1	2.5 ± 0.1

Figure 5. Physical estimation of wound healing at various time intervals in (A) control, (B) plain gelatin nanofibers, (C) cefazolin and (D) Cefazolin-loaded gelatin nanofibers.

Table III. Collagen (mg) content per 100 mg of the wound bed.

Formulations	Observation days
	5	10	15
Control	9.13 ± 0.6	18.90 ± 0.4	44.66 ± 0.5
Gelatin nanofiber	14.70 ± 0.5	29.42 ± 0.5	63.22 ± 0.6
Cefazolin	14.60 ± 0.4	29.24 ± 0.6	59.01 ± 0.3
Cefazolin-loaded gelatin nanofiber	15.43 ± 0.4	35.73 ± 0.6	66.15 ± 0.2

Figure 6. (A) Histological interpretation of control, (B) cefazolin, (C) gelatin nanofiber and (D) cefazolin-loaded gelatin nanofiber.