A comparison of healthcare resource use for rotavirus and RSV between vulnerable children with co-morbidities and healthy children: a case control study

Figures & data

Figure 1.  Study patient selection.

Table 1.  Mean age, hospital length of stay, and cost of stay by patient group.

Infection	n	Mean age (years) (SD)	Mean length of stay (days) (SD)	Cost (£) (SD)
Healthy controls	101,784	0.2 (0.5)	1.9 (3.1)	595 (727)
RVGE	7532 (7.4%)	0.9 (1.0)	1.5 (1.8)	611 (434)
RSV	94,252 (92.6%)	0.1 (1.9)	1.9 (3.2)	594 (746)
Cases	486	1.1 (1.3)	9.9 (19.9)	3477 (7765)
RVGE	153 (31.5%)	1.4 (1.3)	9.3 (12.4)	3418 (4877)
RSV	333 (68.5)	1.0 (1.3)	10.1 (22.5)	3506 (8834)
T1D	14	1.0 (1.0)	4.0 (3.6)	865 (652)
Cystic fibrosis	34	0.2 (0.5)	11.1 (23.3)	4095 (7475)
Cancer	312	1.5 (1.4)	11.4 (23.6)	4049 (9043)
Epilepsy	126	0.6 (0.9)	7.1 (10.7)	2176 (2943)
Eczema controls	17,420	1.1 (1.3)	1.7 (4.9)	590 (1527)
Total	119,690	0.3 (0.8)	1.9 (3.7)	606 (1030)

Table 2.  Univariate linear regression model analysing the length of stay of the hospital admission between patient groups.

	β	SE	95% CI		p-value
			Lower	Upper
LOS (days)	8.904	0.158	8.595	9.213	<0.001
Age	0.059	0.014	0.032	0.087	<0.001
Females	0	–	–	–	–
Males	−0.159	0.019	−0.197	−0.122	<0.001
Cases (vulnerable)	0	–	–	–	–
Healthy controls	−6.950	0.157	−7.258	−6.641	<0.001
Eczema controls	−7.134	0.158	−7.443	−6.824	<0.001
GP referral	−0.303	0.069	−0.439	−0.167	<0.001
Self-referral	0	–	–	–	–

Table 3.  Univariate linear regression model analysing the cost of hospital admission between patient groups.

	β	SE	95% CI		p-value
			Lower	Upper
Cost (£)	533.39	19.49	495.19	571.59	<0.001
Females	0	–	–	–	–
Males	8.26	2.35	3.65	12.88	<0.001
Cases	0	–	–	–	–
Healthy controls	−449.88	19.38	−487.87	−411.90	<0.001
Eczema controls	−452.74	19.49	−490.94	−414.54	<0.001
GP referral	604.72	8.43	588.21	621.24	<0.001
Self-referral	0	–	–	–	–
Hospital LOS	280.32	0.34	279.65	281.00	<0.001

Table 4.  Univariate linear regression model analysing the length of stay of the hospital admission between infection types in controls (healthy children).

	β	SE	95% CI		p-value
			Lower	Upper
LOS (days)	1.762	0.035	1.693	1.832	<0.001
Age	−0.123	0.019	−0.159	−0.086	<0.001
Females	0	–	–	–	–
Males	−0.208	0.016	−0.240	−0.176	<0.001
RVGE	0	–	–	–	–
RSV	0.269	0.034	0.202	0.336	<0.001
GP referral	−0.357	0.149	−0.649	−0.065	0.017
Self-referral	0	–	–	–	–

Table 5.  Univariate linear regression model analysing the cost of the hospital admission between infection types in controls (healthy children).

	β	SE	95% CI		p-value
			Lower	Upper
Cost (£)	215.06	3.85	207.53	222.60	<0.001
Females	0	–	–	–	–
Males	11.53	2.03	7.56	15.5	<0.001
RVGE	0	–	–	–	–
RSV	−106.86	3.79	−114.28	−99.44	<0.001
GP referral	704.22	18.18	668.59	739.86	<0.001
Self-referral	0	–	–	–	–
Hospital LOS	261.02	0.385	260.26	261.77	<0.001

Table 6.  Univariate linear regression model analysing the length of stay of the hospital admission between infection types in cases.

	β	SE	95% CI		p-value
			Lower	Upper
LOS (days)	9.184	1.532	6.173	12.196	<0.001
RVGE	0	–	–	–	–
RSV	−0.564	1.876	−4.252	3.124	0.764

Table 7.  Univariate linear regression model analysing the cost of the hospital admission between infection types in cases.

	β	SE	95% CI		p-value
			Lower	Upper
Cost (£)	−225.36	122.38	−466.13	15.42	0.066
RVGE	0	–	–	–	–
RSV	115.30	146.26	−172.45	403.06	0.431
Hospital LOS	374.26	3.34	367.50	381.01	<0.001