Length of stay and economic consequences with rivaroxaban vs enoxaparin/vitamin K antagonist in patients with DVT and PE: findings from the North American EINSTEIN clinical trial program

Figures & data

Figure 1. Hospitalized DVT and PE patients in North American EINSTEIN trial.

Table 1. Demographic characteristics of North American patients enrolled in the EINSTEIN DVT and PE studies.

	Rivaroxaban (n = 407)	Enoxaparin/VKA (n = 405)	Total (n = 812)
Male, n (%)	235 (57.7)	190 (46.9)	425 (52.3)
Age, years (mean ± SD)	53.6 ± 16.2	53.9 ± 16	53.7 ± 16.1
<18, n (%)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
18–<40, n (%)	80 (19.7)	76 (18.8)	156 (19.2)
40–<60, n (%)	173 (42.5)	172 (42.5)	345 (42.5)
60–<75, n (%)	112 (27.5)	112 (27.7)	224 (27.6)
≥75, n (%)	42 (10.3)	45 (11.1)	87 (10.7)
Race, n (%)*
White	348 (85.5)	350 (86.4)	698 (86.0)
Black	40 (9.8)	35 (8.6)	75 (9.2)
Asian	3 (0.7)	1 (0.2)	4 (0.5)
Native American or Alaskan	1 (0.2)	3 (0.7)	4 (0.5)
Hispanic	14 (3.4)	15 (3.7)	29 (3.6)
Other	1 (0.2)	1 (0.2)	2 (0.2)
BMI, kg/m^2 (mean ± SD)	31.7 ± 7.8	31.3 ± 6.9	31.5 ± 7.4
Creatinine clearance, n (%)†
<30 mL/min	0 (0.0)	1 (0.2)	1 (0.1)
30–<50 mL/min	17 (4.2)	25 (6.2)	42 (5.2)
50–<80 mL/min	70 (17.2)	58 (14.3)	128 (15.8)
≥80 mL/min	314 (77.1)	319 (78.8)	633 (78.0)

*N/A for race was not included due to legal reasons.

†Creatinine clearance levels were calculated using the equation of Cockroft and Gault, using the last value up to the day of randomization.

BMI, body mass index; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; PE, pulmonary embolism; SD, standard deviation; VKA, vitamin K antagonist.

Table 2. Length of hospital stay for all patients with VTE in the EINSTEIN DVT and EINSTEIN PE trials (n = 382).

Patient population/length of stay	Rivaroxaban (n = 189)	Enoxaparin/ VKA (n = 193)	p-Value*
Hospitalized patients	189	193
Median length of stay, days (interquartile range)	3.0 (3.0–5.0)	4.0 (3.0–6.0)	0.0004†
Mean length of stay	4.5	6.1

*Please note, p-value is nominal, as no multiplicity control method has been applied.

†p-value obtained from a stratified Wilcoxon rank-sum test (van Elteren test) stratified by intended treatment duration.

DVT, deep vein thrombosis; LS, least squares; PE, pulmonary embolism; VKA, vitamin K antagonist; VTE, venous thromboembolism.

Table 3. Pooled mean cost per VTE day.

	n	Percentage of sample (%)	Cost per day ($)	Weight times cost ($)
PE	321	84.03	2192	1841.97
DVT	61	15.97	1848	295.10
VTE (PE + DVT)	382	100.00		2137.07

DVT, deep vein thrombosis; PE, pulmonary embolism; VTE, venous thromboembolism.