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Technical Papers

Intercomparison Exercise for Gases Emitted by a Cement Industry in Spain: A Functional Data Approach

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Pages 135-141 | Published online: 10 Oct 2011

Figures & data

Figure 1. (a) View of the chimney where the intercomparison exercise was conducted. (b) Detail of one of the outlets where data were collected.

Figure 1. (a) View of the chimney where the intercomparison exercise was conducted. (b) Detail of one of the outlets where data were collected.

Figure 2. (a) Mean values for the observations of 13 companies and upper and lower lines defining outliers. (b) Z-score values calculated according to ISO/IEC 43.

Figure 2. (a) Mean values for the observations of 13 companies and upper and lower lines defining outliers. (b) Z-score values calculated according to ISO/IEC 43.

Figure 3. (a) Representation of the curves for the gases measured. (b) Outliers detected using the H-modal functional approach.

Figure 3. (a) Representation of the curves for the gases measured. (b) Outliers detected using the H-modal functional approach.

Figure 4. Functional sample showing how the outlier detected using functional analysis deviates, at particular points in time, more than 2 standard deviation (std) units with respect to the mean of all of the curves.

Figure 4. Functional sample showing how the outlier detected using functional analysis deviates, at particular points in time, more than 2 standard deviation (std) units with respect to the mean of all of the curves.

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