Effect of Launaea procumbens extract on oxidative marker, p53, and CYP 2E1: a randomized control study

Figures & data

Table 1 Effect of various fractions of Launaea procumbens on liver weight, relative liver weight, AgNORs count, and DNA fragmentation % in liver of rat

Treatment	Liver weight (g)	Relative liver weight (g)	% increase in body weight (g)	DNA damages %	AgNORs (NORS/cell)
Control	5.78±0.209^†	0.0578±0.00209^†	26.0±0.80^†	5.17±0.94^†	2.167±0.307^†
DMSO+olive oil	5.88±0.206^†	0.0588±0.00206^†	25.9±0.63^†	5.00±0.44^†	2.667±0.333^†
3 ml/kg CCl4	6.96±0.194**	0.0696±0.00194**	18.6±0.72**	35.83±0.14**	9.000±0.931**
100 mg/kg LPEE+CCl4	6.05±0.0861**^†	0.0605±0.00086**^†	22.5±0.42^†	9.83±0.97*^†	7.333±0.667**^†
200 mg/kg LPEE+CCl4	5.92±0.205^†	0.059±0.00205^†	24.49±0.54^†	7.33±0.67^†	5.333±0.882**^†
200 mg/kg LPEE alone	5.01±0.32^†	0.0523±0.00101^†	27.39±0.21^†	6.01±0.27^†	3.023±0.92^†

Mean±SE (n=6 number).

*, **Significance from the control group at P<0.05 and P<0.01 probability levels.^†Significance from the CCl₄ group at P<0.01 probability level.

Table 2 Effect of various fractions of Launaea procumbens on serum level of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol in rat

Treatment	Triglycerides (mg/dl)	Total cholesterol (mg/dl)	High-density lipoprotein (mg/dl)	Low-density lipoprotein (mg/dl)
Control	12.3±1.35^†	6.1±0.25^†	8.6±1.71^†	4.8±0.82^†
DMSO+olive oil	13.26±2.50^†	6.4±0.22^†	9.5±1.20^†	5.18±0.72^†
3 ml/kg CCl4	21.53±1.58**	11.2±0.23**	5.8±2.18**	9.8±0.67**
100 mg/kg LPEE+CCl4	16.4±1.8*^†	7.0±0.39**^†	7.41±1.9^†	7.3±0.95**^†
200 mg/kg LPEE+CCl4	14.7±2.09^†	6.5±0.62^†	7.94±0.92^†	6.0±0.59^†
200 mg/kg LPEE alone	12.4±3.21^†	5.8±0.42^†	8.04±0.76^†	5.1±0.15^†

Mean±SE (n=6 number).

*, **Significance from the control group at P<0.05 and P<0.01 probability levels.^†Significance from the CCl₄ group at P<0.01 probability level.

Table 3 Effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Launaea procumbens on liver function of rat

Treatment	ALT (U/L)	AST (U/L)	ALP (U/L)	γ-GT (nM/min/mg protein)	P53	CYP 2E1
Control	32.17±2.12^†	83.83±2.74^†	248.00±3.93^†	70.50±2.23^†	48.3±2.38^†	28.0±2.8^†
DMSO+olive oil	32.50±2.05^†	84.67±2.75^†	249.67±3.68^†	71.33±2.04^†	49±2.03^†	29±5.0^†
3 ml/kg CCl4	91.33±3.42**	228.00±4.27**	505.33±6.49**	119.33±3.12**	27.6±2.46**	17.1±2.0**
100 mg/kg LPEE+CCl4	77.67±3.36**^†	140.83±3.24**^†	388.33±3.83**^†	106.50±3.77**^†	53±3.78**^†	28±1.2**^†
200 mg/kg LPEE+CCl4	38.17±2.77^†	102.17±3.96**^†	262.00±2.37^†	78.33±3.30^†	57±2.63*^†	30±2.3*^†
200 mg/kg LPEE alone	35.67±3.01^†	98.15±2.12^†	248.12±2.89^†	71.43±5.10^†	49±1.61^†	29±3.0^†

Mean±SE (n=6 number).

*, **Significance from the control group at P<0.05 and P<0.01 probability levels.

^†Significance from the CCl₄ group at P<0.01 probability level.

Table 4 Effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Launaea procumbens on liver antioxidant profile

Treatment	CAT (U/min)	SOD (U/mg protein)	GST (nM/min/mg protein)	GSH-Px (nM/min/mg protein)	GSH (M/g tissue)	TBARS (nM/min/mg protein)	GSR (nM/min/mg protein)
Control	4.397±0.275^†	24.0±2.27^†	128.50±4.62^†	77.50±3.38^†	0.738±0.0201^†	78.67±6.56^†	147.33±6.01^†
DMSO+olive oil	4.242±0.407^†	23.0±2.34^†	126.67±4.21^†	77.0±3.10^†	0.708±0.0105^†	79.00±7.45^†	145.33±6.23^†
3 ml/kg CCl4	2.590±0.240**	13.50±1.34**	68.83±4.57**	51.83±2.89**	0.236±0.0066**	158.83±8.57**	88.00±3.61**
50 mg/kg Rutin+CCl4	4.000±0.163^†	21.0±1.83^†	121.83±3.57^†	71.8±2.39^†	0.728±0.0432^†	87.27±5.23^†	142.17±6.22^†
100 mg/kg LPEE+CCl4	3.7±0.25**^†	18.667±0.9**^†	97.17±4.09**^†	67.5±2.4*^†	0.550±0.0123**^†	109.50±3.81**^†	107.5±3.3**^†
200 mg/kg LPEE+CCl4	3.9183±0.06^†	22.17±1.14^†	122.17±3.24^†	70.7±1.62^†	0.655±0.0118^†	94.00±4.50^†	132.33±2.89^†
200 mg/kg LPEE alone	4.63±0.115^†	26.0±2.38^†	131.00±4.12^†	78.8±3.30^†	0.740±0.0101^†	78.0±3.51^†	150.50±6.38^†

Mean±SE (n=6 number).

*, **Significance from the control group at P<0.05 and P<0.01 probability levels.

^†Significance from the CCl₄ group at P<0.01 probability level.

Fig. 1 The protective effects of extract on DNA. Lanes 1–4, non-treated control; 5–8, CCl₄ treated rats; 9–10, CCl₄+100 mg/kg b.w. LEA; 11–12, CCl₄+200 mg/kg b.w. LEA.