Exploring quality of life among the elderly in Hai Duong province, Vietnam: a rural–urban dialogue

Figures & data

Table 1. QoL themes and sub-themes identified from research findings

No.	Themes	Sub-themes
I	Physical health	1. Body pains
		2. Ability to move around
		3. Tiredness
		4. Dependence on treatment
		5. Ability to work
		6. Ability to serve themselves
		7. Sleep/easy to sleep
		8. Ability to hear and see
		9. Ability to remember
		10. Ability to do housework
II	Social relationships	11. Support non-economics for others
		12. Support non-economics from children
		13. Spouse intimacy
		14. Family sentiment^a
		15. Role in the family
		16. Community relationships^b
		17. Relative relationships^b
		18. Role in the community
		19. Participation in community's activities^b
		20. Sexual activity^a
III	Finance and economics	21. Stable income
		22. Economic support from children^b
		23. Economic life is assured
		24. Economic support for others
		25. Economic dependence on children^b
		26. Having favourite food to eat^b
		27. Daily expenses^b
		28. Expenses for community activities^b
		29. Expenses for health care
		30. Adequate facilities^a
IV	Physical and social environment	31. Physical environment
		32. Housing
		33. Social security
		34. Social service accessibility
		35. Information accessibility
		36. Health care service accessibility
V	Psychological health	37. Satisfaction of social relationships
		38. Feeling bored
		39. Satisfaction of family/children
		40. Being respected
		41. Not having anxiety about the after life
VI	Religious practice	42. Spiritual belief and religious practice

^aEmphasised in urban; ^bemphasised in rural; the remaining are mentioned in both rural and urban.