Assessing the household financial burden associated with the chronic non-communicable diseases in a rural district of Vietnam

Figures & data

Table 1. Prevalence of self-reported chronic diseases among the study population

	Male (%)	Female (%)	Overall (%)
Any chronic disease	562 (35.5)	567 (31.6)	1129 (33.4)
Chronic pulmonary disease	349 (22.1)	496 (27.6)	841 (24.9)
Cardiovascular diseases	264 (16.7)	286 (15.9)	551 (16.3)
Diabetes	3 (0.2)	4 (0.2)	7 (0.2)
Cancer	2 (0.1)	9 (0.5)	10 (0.3)

Table 2. Pattern of health care utilization and out-of-pocket payment for health care

	Households where there was at least one member with a chronic disease	Households without any person with chronic disease	p
Inpatient care services during the last 12 months
Utilization: n (%)	43 (18.9)	35 (6.4)	0.00^a
Mean out-of-pocket payment: VND	5,760,000	2,472,000	0.00^b
Outpatient care services during the last 4 weeks
Utilization: n (%)	117 (52.1)	175 (32.3)	0.00^a
Mean out-of-pocket payment: VND	78,300	32,600	0.00^b

Note: ^aChi-squared test, ^bMann–Whitney test.

Table 3. Pattern of catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment

	Households where there was at least one member with a chronic disease	Households without any person with chronic disease	p Chi-squared test
Catastrophic health expenditure: n (%)	33 (14.6)	23 (4.2)	0.00
Impoverishment: n (%)	17 (7.6)	12 (2.3)	0.00

Table 4. Correlates of catastrophic health expenditure

	OR	p
Having at least one member with a chronic illness
Yes	3.2	0.00
No	1
Sex of the household's head
Male	0.87	0.66
Female	1
Household size	0.79	0.00
Number of elderly people (aged 60 years and over) in the household
Yes	1.32	0.00
No	1
Number of children under 6 years in the household
Yes	1.1	0.07
No	1
Economic status
Poor	2.6	0.02
Non-poor	1
Having at least one person with health insurance card
Yes	0.87	0.04
No	1

Table 5. Correlates of impoverishment

	OR	p
Having at least one member with a chronic illness
Yes	2.3	0.00
No	1
Sex of the HH's head
Male	0.79	0.79
Female	1
Household size	0.86	0.00
Number of elderly people (aged 60 years and over) in the household
Yes	1.1	0.00
No	1
Number of children under 6 years in the household
Yes	1.3	0.12
No	1
Having at least one person with health insurance card
Yes	0.72	0.04
No	1