Antimicrobial-resistant and ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in different ecological niches in Bangladesh

Figures & data

Fig. 1. Locations of Sample collection in Bangladesh.

Table 1 Antibiotic-resistant pattern of E. coli in OBS and water

Name of antibiotics	No. of resistant isolates in OBS (N=76)	No. of resistant isolates in water, (N=8)
Mecillinam (MEL)	1	0
Tigecycline (TGC)	0	0
Gentamicin (CN)	0	0
Imipenem (IPM)	0	0
Ciprofloxacin (CIP)	2	2
Aztreonam (ATM)	4	2
Nalidixic acid (NA)	4	3
Tetracycline (TE)	4	3
Ampicillin (AMP)	13	4
Chloramphenicol (C)	0	0
Cefuroxime sodium (CXM)	1	4
Nitrofurantoin (F)	0	1
Sulfamethoxazole (SXT)	–	3

‘–’ not tested.

Table 2 Diversity of antibiotic-resistant phenotypes in E. coli from birds and water in different locations

Resistant phenotypes	No. of isolates	Source	Location
AMP	12	Bird	Padmar Char, Hakaluki Haor
TE	3	Bird	Padmar Char, Hakaluki Haor
CIP-NA	2	Bird	Padmar Char
ATM-NA-TE-AMP	1	Bird	Padmar Char
ATM	2	Bird	Padmar Char
CXM	1	Bird	Hakaluki Haor
MEL-ATM-NA	1	Bird	Hakaluki Haor
F	1	Water	Padma River
TE-SXT	1	Water	Padma River
CIP-NA-TE-AMP-SXT	2	Water	Padma River, Buriganga River
SXT	2	Water	Hakaluki Haor
ATM-AMP-CXM	1	Water	Buriganga River
ATM-NA-AMP-CXM	1	Water	Buriganga River

Table 3 The genotype, MLST, and clone profile of ESBL producers

Sample ID	Source (location)	Species	Antimicrobial-resistant phenotypes	ESBL genotype	MLST	Clone
86	OBS (Padmar Char)	E. coli	ATM-NA-TE-AMP-CXM	CTX-M-15	ST2689	C
88	OBS (Padmar Char)	E. coli	ATM-NA-TE-AMP-CXM	CTX-M-15	ST4016(New)	D
7AE.W25	Water (Padma River)	E. coli	CIP-ATM-NA-TE-AMP-C-CXM-SXT	CTX-M-15	ST156 complex 156	B
7BE.W28	Water (Padma River)	E. coli	CIP-ATM-NA-TE-AMP-C-CXM-SXT	CTX-M-15	ST156 complex 156	B
10BE.W40	Water (Buriganga River)	E. coli	ATM-TE-AMP-CXM-SXT	CTX-M-15	ST10 complex 10	D
10BE.W41	Water (Buriganga River)	E. coli	CN-ATM-NA-TE-AMP-CXM-SXT	CTX-M-15	ST46 complex 46	C