Ethnic difference in the prevalence of angina pectoris in Sami and non-Sami populations: the SAMINOR study

Figures & data

Table I. Characteristics of the female study group by ethnicity. Values are means^a or percentages^b, p-values for differences between ethnic groups (The SAMINOR study 2003–2004)

	Non-Sami	Sami
Variables	n=5,273	n=2,611	p
Age (years)	54.5 (54.2–54.8)	54.2 (53.7–54.6)	0.21
Waist circumference (cm)	85.5 (85.2–85.8)	86.0 (85.6–86.5)	0.06
Triglycerides (mmol/l)^c	1.35 (1.33–1.37)	1.38 (1.35–1.41)	<0.05
Systolic blood pressure	130.4 (129.8–131.0)	129.7 (128.8–130.5)	0.13
Diastolic blood pressure	73.0 (72.7–73.2)	72.3 (71.9–72.7)	0.01
LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)^d	3.81 (3.78–3.84)	3.82 (3.78–3.86)	0.70
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)	5.99 (5.96–6.02)	5.98 (5.93–6.02)	0.62
Diabetes (yes)	4.3 (3.7–4.8)	5.0 (4.2–5.9)	0.12
p-Glucose (mmol/l)^c	5.44 (5.41–5.47)	5.50 (5.46–5.55)	0.02
Statin use (yes)	11.3 (10.4–12.1)	11.9 (10.6–13.1)	0.43
Family history of MI (yes)	24.2 (23.0–25.3)	27.2 (25.5–28.9)	<0.01
Education (≥13 years) (Yes)	34.2 (32.9–35.5)	33.5 (31.6–35.4)	0.56
Smoking			0.38
Never	37.6 (36.3–38.9)	36.4 (34.5–38.2)
Previous	31.3 (30.1–32.6)	31.0 (29.3–32.8)
Current	31.1 (29.9–32.4)	32.6 (30.8–34.4)
Alcohol consumption			<0.001
None	18.1 (17.0–19.1)	28.9 (27.1–30.6)
A few times	60.2 (58.9–61.6)	57.0 (55.0–58.9)
1–2 drinks/week	16.7 (15.7–17.7)	9.8 (8.6–11.0)
≥3 drinks/week	5.1 (4.5–5.7)	4.4 (3.6–5.2)
Leisure-time physical activity			<0.001
Sedentary	22.3 (21.1–23.5)	26.8 (25.0–28.6)
Exercise at least 4 hours/week	66.4 (65.1–67.8)	62.2 (60.3–64.2)
Hard gardening/sports/hard training 4+ hours/week	11.3 (10.4–12.2)	10.9 (9.7–12.2)

^aTested by 2-sample t-test with equal variances.

^bTested by Pearson's χ² test.

^cGeometric mean.

^dComputed using the Friedwald formula.

Table II. Characteristics of the male study group by ethnicity. Values are means^a or percentages^b, p-values for difference between ethnic groups (The SAMIONOR study 2003–2004)

	Non-Sami	Sami
Variables	n=4,746	n=2,576	p
Age (years)	54.8 (54.5–55.1)	55.0 (54.6–55.4)	0.50
Waist circumference (cm)	95.0 (94.7–95.3)	93.2 (92.8–93.6)	<0.001
Triglycerides (mmol/l)^c	1.61 (1.58–1.63)	1.60 (1.56–1.63)	0.65
Systolic blood pressure	134.2 (133.7–134.7)	134.9 (134.2–135.7)	0.13
Diastolic blood pressure	78.2 (78.0–78.5)	77.9 (77.5–78.3)	0.21
LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)^d	3.80 (3.77–3.83)	3.87 (3.83–3.92)	<0.01
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)	5.89 (5.86–5.92)	5.98 (5.93–6.02)	<0.01
Diabetes (yes)	4.5 (3.9–5.1)	5.3 (4.4–6.2)	0.14
p-Glucose (mmol/l)^c	5.61 (5.57–5.64)	5.63 (5.58–5.68)	0.50
Statin use (yes)	14.6 (13.6–15.6)	14.9 (13.5–16.3)	0.71
Family history of MI (yes)	23.0 (21.8–24.2)	26.1 (24.4–27.8)	<0.01
Education (≥13 years) (yes)	31.4 (30.0–32.7)	26.6 (24.9–28.4)	<0.001
Smoking			<0.05
Never	28.4 (27.1–29.7)	25.5 (23.9–27.2)
Previous	41.5 (40.1–42.9)	42.5 (40.6–44.4)
Current	30.2 (28.9–31.5)	32.0 (30.2–33.8)
Alcohol consumption			<0.001
None	9.1 (8.3–9.9)	13.3 (11.9–14.6)
A few times	58.1 (56.7–59.5)	60.6 (58.7–62.5)
1–2 drinks/week	18.4 (17.3–19.5)	13.4 (12.0–14.7)
≥3 drinks/week	14.4 (13.4–15.4)	12.8 (11.5–14.1)
Leisure-time physical activity			0.35
Sedentary	23.0 (21.8–24.3)	24.5 (22.8–26.3)
Exercise at least 4 hours/week	55.4 (54.0–56.9)	54.8 (52.7–56.8)
Hard gardening/sports/hard training 4+hours/week	21.5 (20.3–22.8)	20.7 (19.1–22.3)

^aTested by 2-sample t-test with equal variances.

^bTested by Pearson's χ² test.

^cGeometric mean.

^dComputed using the Friedwald formula.

Table III. Age-specific and overall prevalence (%)^a of angina pectoris symptoms (APS), self-reported angina, and APS and self-reported angina combined by sex and ethnic groups (n=15,206) (The SAMINOR study 2003–2004)

	Non-Sami			Sami
	n	%	95% CI	n	%	95% CI	p^b
APS
Women
36–49	1,947	2.8	2.2–3.7	1,009	3.4	2.4–4.7	0.42
50–59	1,557	4.5	3.6–5.7	795	6.3	4.8–8.2	0.07
60–69	1,110	7.2	5.8–8.9	496	10.1	7.7–13.1	0.06
70–79	659	11.7	9.5–14.4	311	17.7	13.8–22.3	0.01
Total^c	5,273	4.6	4.0–5.2	2,611	6.3	5.5–7.3	<0.001
Men
36–49	1,657	1.9	1.3–2.7	875	2.7	1.9–4.1	0.16
50–59	1,487	3.8	3.0–4.9	850	9.2	7.4–11.3	<0.001
60–69	1,041	8.6	7.0–10.4	536	12.5	10.0–15.6	0.01
70–79	561	17.1	14.2–20.5	315	18.7	14.8–23.4	0.55
Total^c	4,746	4.4	3.9–5.1	2,576	6.9	6.0–8.0	<0.001
Self-reported
Women
36–49	1,947	0.4	0.2–0.8	1,009	0.3	0.1–0.9	0.62
50–59	1,557	2.1	1.5–2.9	795	4.7	3.4–6.4	<0.001
60–69	1,110	7.5	6.1–9.2	496	10.5	8.1–13.5	<0.05
70–79	659	16.1	13.5–19.1	311	27.3	22.7–32.6	<0.001
Total^c	5,273	1.9	1.6–2.3	2,611	3.3	2.7–4.1	<0.001
Men
36–49	1,657	1.0	0.6–1.6	875	1.0	0.5–2.0	0.99
50–59	1,487	5.2	4.2–6.4	850	8.4	6.7–10.4	<0.01
60–69	1,041	12.8	10.9–15.0	536	17.0	14.0–20.4	<0.05
70–79	561	22.1	18.9–25.7	315	24.1	19.7–29.2	0.50
Total^c	4,746	4.9	4.3–5.5	2,576	6.5	5.6–7.5	<0.001
Combined
Women
36–49	1,947	3.1	2.4–4.0	1,009	3.7	2.7–5.0	0.40
50–59	1,557	6.2	5.1–7.5	795	9.2	7.4–11.4	<0.01
60–69	1,110	12.3	10.5–14.4	496	17.3	14.3–20.9	<0.01
70–79	659	23.1	20.0–26.4	311	33.8	28.7–39.2	<0.001
Total^c	5,273	6.2	5.5–6.9	2,611	9.0	7.9–10.2	<0.001
Men
36–49	1,657	2.7	2.0–3.6	875	3.7	2.6–5.1	0.20
50–59	1,487	8.1	6.9–9.6	850	14.7	12.5–17.3	<0.001
60–69	1,041	17.9	15.7–20.3	536	23.9	20.5–27.7	<0.01
70–79	561	31.7	28.0–35.7	315	33.0	28.0–38.4	0.70
Total^c	4,746	8.3	7.5–9.2	2,576	11.7	10.5–13.0	<0.001

^aPrevalence rates from logistic regression estimates.

^bp-value from likelihood ratio test for difference between non-Sami and Sami.

^cAge adjusted.

Table IV. Angina pectoris symptoms (APS) relative to self-reported angina in women (The SAMINOR study, 2003–2004)

		Self-reported angina
Non-Sami (p<0.001)^a		No (%)	Yes (%)	Total
Symptoms	No	4,828 (95.7)	163 (71.2)	4,991
	Yes	216 (4.3)	66 (28.8)	282
	Total	5,044 (100)	228 (100)	5,273
Sami (p<0.001)^a		Self-reported angina
		No (%)	Yes (%)	Total
Symptoms	No	2,310 (94.9)	112 (63.3)	2,422
	Yes	124 (5.1)	65 (36.7)	189
	Total	2,434 (100)	177 (100)	2,611

^aPearson's χ² test.

Table V. Angina pectoris symptoms (APS) relative to self-reported angina in men (The SAMINOR study 2003–2004)

		Self-reported angina
Non-Sami (p<0.001)^a		No (%)	Yes (%)	Total
Symptoms	No	4,216 (95.9)	257 (73.2)	4,473
	Yes	179 (4.1)	94 (26.8)	273
	Total	4,395 (100)	351 (100)	4,746
Sami (p<0.001)^a		Self-reported angina
		No (%)	Yes (%)	Total
Symptoms	No	2,187 (93.9)	161 (65.2)	2,348
	Yes	142 (6.1)	86 (34.8)	228
	Total	2,329 (100)	247 (100)	2,576

^aPearson's χ² test.

Table VI. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the difference in angina pectoris symptoms (APS) between non-Sami and Sami by sex (The SAMINOR study 2003–2004)

	Women			Men
	OR	p	95% CI	OR	p	95% CI
Model 1^a	n=7,884			n=7,322
Non-Sami	Ref			Ref
Sami	1.42	<0.001	1.17–1.72	1.62	<0.001	1.34–1.95
Model 2^b	n=7,763			n=7,244
Non-Sami	Ref			Ref
Sami	1.38	0.001	1.13–1.68	1.69	<0.001	1.39–2.05
Model 3^c	n=6,859			n=6,648
Non-Sami	Ref			Ref
Sami	1.24	0.06	1.00–1.54	1.78	<0.001	1.45–2.19

Controlling for:

^aage.

^bage+previous and current smoking, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, diabetes, family history of myocardial infarction, total cholesterol and use of statins.

^cas b+moderate alcohol consumption and leisure-time physical activity.