High prevalence rate of left superior vena cava determined by echocardiography in patients with congenital heart disease in Saudi Arabia

Figures & data

Table 1 The association of the different congenital heart disease with left superior vena cava

Diagnosis	No. of patients with CHD	No. of patients with LSVC (%)
VSD, VSD with DORV	151	7 (4.6)
ASD	255	10 (3.9)
AVSD	41	11 (26.3)
PDA	105	4 (3.8)
PA, PS, DCRV and Ebstien	95	9 (9.4)
TOF, DORV with TOF	21	5 (23.8)
TGA, DORV with TGA	10	1 (10)
Co. A	18	5 (27)
AS, BAV, subaortic membrane	30	1 (3.3)
MA, HLVS	2	2 (100)
Truncus arteriosus	2	0 (0)
TAPVD	2	0 (0)
Single ventricle (DILV, DORV hetrotaxia)	3	1 (33)
Complex	2	1 (50)
Interrupted IVC (isolated)	1	1 (100)

CHD=congenital heart disease, LSVC=left superior vena cava, VSD=ventricular septal defect, DORV=double outlet right ventricle, ASD=atrial septal defect, AVSD=atrioventricular septal defect, PDA=patent ductus arteriosus, PA=pulmonary atresia, PS=pulmonary stenosis, DCRV=double chambered right ventricle, TOF=tetralogy of Fallot, TGA=transposition of the great arteries, Co. A=coarctation of the aorta, AS=aortic stenosis, BAV=bicuspid aortic valve, MA=mitral atresia, HLVS=hypoplastic left ventricle syndrome, TAPVD=total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, DILV=double inlet left ventricle, IVC=inferior vena cava.