Occurrence of Bifidobacteriaceae in human hypochlorhydria stomach

Figures & data

Table 1 Fermentative characteristics of the Bifidobacteriaceae strains isolated from the hypochlorhydria stomach^a

	Species
Substrate	P. denticolens	S. inopinata	B. dentium	B. infantis-longum	Unidentified strain
	34^b
	14	5	1	1
Amylopectin	+	+	+	+	−
Amylose	+	+	−	−	−
l-Arabinose	+ (3)^c	−	+	−	+
Cellobiose	+ (1)	− (1)	+	+	+
Dextran	+ (2)	+	− (1)	−	−
Dextrin	+	+	+	+	−
Galactose	+	+(1)	+	+	+
Glycerol	−	− (1)	−	−	−
d-Glucosamine	+	−	−	−	−
Gum guar	−	−	+	−	−
Gum locust bean	−	−	+	−	−
Inulin	+	− (1)	−	+	−
Mannitol	−	−	+	−	−
Mannose	−	−	+	−	−
Melezitose	+ (4)	+ (2)	+	−	+
Raffinose	+ (3)	+	+	+	+
Salicin	+ (1)	− (7)	+	+	+
Trehalose	−	−	+	−	−
d-Xylose	− (4)	+ (1)	+	+	+

+, positive reaction; −, negative reaction.

^aAll strains fermented glucose, fructose, lactose, melibiose, maltose, ribose, sucrose, starch. None of the strains fermented alginate, arabinogalactan, bovine submaxillary mucin, chondroitin sulfate, d-fucose, l-fucose, d-galactosamine, alpha-d-galacturonate, gluconate, d-glucuronate, gum arabic, gum ghatti, gum karaya and gum tragacanth, l-hyaluronate, lactate, laminarin, ovomucoid, pectin, polygalacturonate, porcine gastric mucin, l-rhamnose, sorbitol, xylan.

^bNumber of strains tested.

^cIn parenthesis, the number of strains with the opposite reaction.

Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the 33 subjects studied

	AAG	OME	Acid control
Number of subjects	10	13	10
Sex (M/F)	4/6	6/7	5/5
Age (mean years±SD)	43.7±19.1	52.9±9.0	46.5±15.4
pH juice (mean±SD)	7.12±0.8	7.41±0.5	0.9±0.6
Patient with Bifidobacteriaceae only	1	2	0
Patients with Actinomycetales only	8	6	0
Patients with both Bifidobacteriaceae and Actinomycetales	1	7	0

Table 3 Anaerobic microorganisms grown on BHI in gastric juice and mucosa of the stomach^a

	Gastric juice^b	Antrum^b	Corpus^b
AAG (10)	6.94±0.3	6.51±0.3	6.86±0.2
OME (13)	5.93±0.3	5.43±0.4	5.15±0.5

^aIn the acid control group, there is no bacterial growth in any sample (gastric juice and antrum and corpus mucosa)

^bMean bacterial count expressed as log10 values of CFU/g or ml.

Fig. 1 Morphology of Actinomycetales isolates: a, BR183; b, BR193; c, BR431. Phase-contrast microphotographs.

Fig. 2 Morphology of Bifidobacteriaceae isolates. S. inopinata: a, BR134; b, BR203. P. denticolens: c, BR278; d, BR281. B. dentium: e, BR317; f, BR318. B. infantis-longum: g, BR184. Unidentified Bifidobacteriaceae: h, BR191.

Table 4 Demographic, clinical characteristics, and bacteria isolated in the hypochlorhydria stomach of the nine Bifidobacteriaceae-positive patients

Patients	Sex	Age	pH juice	Sample	Log10 CFU/g or ml	Bifidobacteriaceae species
AAG groups (2 of 10 patients)
1	F	60	7.84	Juice	5.30	Sca.
				Corpus	4.30	Sca.
2	M	33	8.11	Juice	4.30	Par.
OME groups (7 of 13 patients)
3	M	52	7.80	Antrum	4.30	Par.
4	M	55	6.75	Antrum	3.00	Bif.d.
5	M	46	8.08	Juice	2.69	Par.
				Corpus	4.00	Par.
6	F	44	7.41	Juice	5.30	Bif.d.;Par.;Sca.
				Antrum	4.07	Par.
				Corpus	4.00	Par.
7	F	70	7.83	Juice	4.00	Bif.d.;Par.;Sca.
				Antrum	3.60	Bif.d.
8	M	50	5.02	Antrum	4.00	Bif.ilon.
9	F	43	6.48	Juice	4.00	Un.Bif.

Sca., S. inopinata; Par., P. denticolens; Bif.d., B. dentium; Bif.ilon., B. infantis-longum; Un.Bif., Unidentified Bifidobacteriaceae