Behaviour and burnout in medical students

Figures & data

Table 1 Participant demographics

Variable	n	% of respondents
Institution
St Andrews only	128	36
Manchester only	195	54.8
St Andrews then Manchester	27	7.6
Other University then Manchester	6	1.7
Gender
Male	124	34.8
Female	232	65.2
Age group
18–23	321	90.2
24–29	30	8.4
≥30	5	1.4
Year of study
First	141	39.6
Second	77	21.6
Third	66	18.5
Fourth	47	13.2
Fifth	25	7

Table 2 MBI scoring for components of burnout and burned out prevalence by institution(s) attended, gender and year of study

	Emotional exhaustion (EE)		Depersonalisation (DP)		Personal accomplishment (PA)
	Mean (SD)	n (%) high EE score	Mean (SD)	n (%) high DP score	Mean (SD)	n (%) low PA score	Burned outn (%)
All participants (n=356)	28.26 (10.08)	195 (54.8)	9.08 (4.30)	121 (34)	38.07 (9.39)	166 (46.6)	95 (26.7)
Institution
St Andrews (n=128)	28.59 (10.39)	70 (54.7)	9.26 (4.47)	50 (39.1)	38.16 (9.72)	60 (46.9)	39 (30.5)
Manchester (n=195)	28.15 (10.13)	106 (54.4)	8.76 (4.15)	56 (28.7)	37.31 (9.36)	84 (43.1)	45 (23.1)
St Andrews then Manchester (n=27)	27.96 (9.02)	16 (59.3)	10.22 (4.33)	12 (44.4)	42.37 (7.46)	18 (66.7)	9 (33.3)
Other than Manchester (n=6)	26 (7.77)	3 (50)	10.83 (4.92)	3 (50)	41.67 (5.32)	4 (66.7)	2 (33.3)
p	ns		ns		0.049		ns
Gender
Male (n=124)	27.68 (11.01)	65 (52.4)	9.85 (4.86)	50 (40.3)	36.28 (10.16)	52 (31.3)	38 (30.6)
Female (n=232)	28.57 (9.56)	130 (56)	8.68 (3.68)	71 (30.6)	39.03 (8.83)	114 (68.7)	57 (24.6)
p	ns		0.014		0.008		ns
Year of study
1 (n=141)	28.67 (10.36)	79 (56)	8.68 (4.30)	42 (29.8)	35.98 (10.14)	52 (31.3)	35 (24.8)
2 (n=77)	29.42 (9.72)	46 (59.7)	9.05 (4.11)	27 (35.1)	37.25 (9.78)	35 (21.1)	21 (27.3)
3 (n=66)	26.33 (9.69)	34 (51.5)	8.85 (4.08)	20 (30.3)	39.56 (7.84)	38 (22.9)	16 (24.2)
4 (n=47)	26.74 (10.08)	21 (44.7)	9.62 (4.18)	19 (40.4)	40.13 (7.60)	22 (13.3)	13 (27.7)
5 (n=25)	30.32 (10.29)	15 (60)	11.08 (5.28)	13 (52)	44.64 (6.02)	19 (11.4)	10 (40)
p	ns		ns		<0.001		ns

SD=standard deviation.

MBI cut-offs: high EE≥27; high DP≥10; low PA≤33; burned out if high in EE and DP; ns=not significance.

Table 3 Final model in an 18-step backward stepwise regression analysis predicting MBI emotional exhaustion (EE) scores

Variable (variable type/reference category)	B (SE)	95% CI	β	p
Constant	27.16 (0.87)	25.45; 28.87
Year of study (categorical)
Third year (reference: first year)	−3.36 (1.43)	−6.17; −0.54	−0.13*	0.020*
Level of physical activity (categorical)
Low level (reference: high level)	5.62 (1.99)	1.69; 9.55	0.15	0.005**
FFQ Sweet Foods Score (continuous)	0.09 (0.05)	−0.01; 0.18	0.09	0.081
Smoking status (categorical)
Ex-smoker (reference: never smoked)	5.81 (2.29)	1.29; 10.33	0.14	0.012*

R ² for step 1=0.096, ΔR ² for final step=−0.005 (final model p<0.001).

*p<0.05, *p<0.01.

Table 4 Final model in a 17-step backward stepwise regression analysis predicting MBI depersonalisation (DP) scores

Variable (variable type/reference category)	B (SE)	95% CI	β	p
Constant	7.17 (0.51)	6.17; 8.16
Institution (categorical)
St Andrews only (reference: Manchester only)	1.32 (0.53)	0.27; 2.36	0.15	0.014*
Gender (categorical)
Male (reference: female)	1.05 (0.51)	0.04; 2.06	0.12	0.041*
Year of study (categorical)
Fourth year (reference first year)	1.35 (0.73)	−0.08; 2.78	0.11	0.064
Fifth year of study (reference: first year)	3.06 (0.91)	1.27; 4.86	0.19	0.001**
FFQ Savoury Foods Scores (continuous)	0.04 (0.02)	−0.003; 0.09	0.10	0.066

R ² for step 1=0.096, ΔR ² for final step=−0.004 (final model p=0.001).

*p<0.05, **p<0.01.

Table 5 Final model in a 15-step backward stepwise regression analysis predicting MBI personal accomplishment (PA) scores

Variable (variable type/reference category)	B (SE)	95% CI	β	p
Constant	33.99 (2.05)	29.95; 38.04
Gender (categorical)
Male (reference: female)	−2.92 (1.11)	−5.09; −0.74	−0.14	0.009**
Year of study (categorical)
Third year (reference: first year)	3.13 (1.34)	0.50; 5.76	0.13	0.020*
Fourth year (reference first year)	3.99 (1.54)	0.96; 7.03	0.14	0.010*
Fifth year (reference: first year)	8.69 (1.95)	4.85; 12.54	0.24	<0.001***
AUQ binge score (continuous)	0.14 (0.05)	0.04; 0.23	0.15	0.005**
Level of physical activity (categorical)
Moderate level (reference: high level)	−2.37 (1.07)	−4.48; −0.27	−0.12	0.027*
Low level (reference: high level)	−5.97 (1.91)	−9.73; −2.19	−0.17	0.002**

R ² for step 1=0.162, ΔR ² for final step=−0.005 (final model p<0.001).

*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.