Analysis of growth of broilers with restricting and unrestricting initial body weight in Gompertz-Laird model in different environments

Figures & data

Table 1 The ingredient- and calculated nutrient composition of diets.

	Diet 1	Diet 2	Diet 3	Diet 4	Diet 5
	0–3 wk	4–6 wk	4–6 wk	7th wk	7 th wk
	(%)	(%)	(%)	(%)	(%)
Ingredients
Yellow corn (7.57 % CP)	46.24	57.44	57.40	64.56	64.54
Soybean meal (46.36 % CP)	41.85	33.68	33.77	28.25	28.29
Sunflower oil	8.09	5.68	5.70	4.42	4.42
Limestone	1.34	1.40	1.40	1.31	1.31
Dicalcium phosphate	1.60	1.15	1.15	0.93	0.93
NaCl	0.46	0.33	0.33	0.26	0.26
Vit/Min. Premix^*	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
DL-Methionine	0.17	0.07	-	0.03	-
Calculated nutrient composition^°
Crude protein	23.0	20	20	18	18
Calculated nutrient composition^#
Calcium	1.00	0.90	0.90	0.80	0.80
Total phosphorus	0.45	0.35	0.35	0.30	0.30
Sodium	0.20	0.15	0.15	0.12	0.12
Methionine	0.52	0.38	0.32	0.32	0.29
Cystine	0.38	0.34	0.34	0.31	0.31
Methionine + Cystine	0.90	0.72	0.66	0.63	0.60
Lysine	1.31	1.10	1.10	0.96	0.96
Threonine	0.90	0.78	0.78	0.70	0.70
Tryptophan	0.27	0.23	0.23	0.20	0.20
Arginine	1.61	1.37	1.38	1.21	1.21
Isoleucine	1.00	0.86	0.86	0.76	0.76
Leucine	1.94	1.75	1.75	1.61	1.61
Valine	1.08	0.94	0.94	0.85	0.85
Histidine	0.64	0.56	0.56	0.51	0.51
Energy (kcal ME/kg)	3200	3200	3200	3200	3200

* The composition of vitamins and minerals in the premix provided the following amounts in 2.5 kilogram: vitamin A, 15,000,000 U; vitamin D₃, 2,500,000 U; vitamin E, 40,000 mg; niacin, 40,000 mg; pantothenic acid, 10,000 mg; vitamin B₂, 7000 mg; vitamin K₃, 5000 mg; vitamin B₁, 3000 mg; vitamin B₆, 5000 mg; vitamin B₁₂, 20 mg; folic acid, 1000 mg; biotin, 70 mg; iron, 60,000 mg; cobalt, 200 mg; manganese, 80,000 mg; copper, 5000 mg; zinc, 60,000 mg; iodine, 1000 mg; selenium, 150 mg; choline cloride, 300,000 mg.

° Calculations are based on analyzed values for corn and soybean meal.

# Based on NRC 1994 values for corn and soybean meal.

Table 2 Diets given to birds in weekly bases.

		4–6 week	7th week
Experiment 1	Trt1	Diet 2 with normal water	-
Trt2	Diet 3 with 0.050% methionine in drinking water	-
Trt3	Diet 3 with 0.075% methionine in drinking water	-
Experiment 2	Trt1	Diet 2 with normal water	Diet 4 with normal water
Trt2	Diet 3 with 0.050% methionine in drinking water	Diet 5 with 0.050% methionine in drinking water
Trt3	Diet 3 with 0.075% methionine in drinking water	Diet 5 with 0.075% methionine in drinking water

0–3 week: all the birds fed with the Diet 1. Trti: ith dietary-treatment.

Table 3 Means, standard errors in grams, and number of observations for body weight (BW) at different ages in relation to environments for male and female broilers.

Te Trt			1		21°C 2		3		1		30°C 2		3
	Age wk	N		N		N		N		N		N
M	0	24	57.0±0.98	22	56.0±1.02	25	55.8±0.85	24	56.3±1.00	21	53.7±0.97	26	54.4±0.95
1	24	139.3±4.01	22	139.9±3.62	25	139.4±3.14	24	143.9±3.99	21	137.6±4.17	26	136.7±3.34
2	24	384.0±9.73	22	386.3±9.28	25	386.6±8.37	24	393.8±8.40	21	385.2±8.72	26	379.5±8.44
3	24	732.2±13.90	22	733.8±14.85	25	740.1±13.36	24	770.2±14.14	21	724.3±17.07	26	718.9±15.08
4	24	1272.9±22.92	22	1248.3±28.49	25	1286.4±24.52	24	1323.6±24.27	21	1204.4±25.71	26	1250.0±25.64
5	24	1891.3±36.82	22	1861.6±41.83	25	1913.4±33.04	24	1900.1±35.32	21	1714.2±34.13	26	1830.7±32.77
6	24	2538.5±47.45	22	2496.4±53.68	25	2563.6±44.26	24	2485.0±44.29	21	2232.1±39.09	26	2441.1±39.92
7	12	3300.6±92.16	11	3226.3±77.54	13	3221.2±63.40	12	3113.6±46.32	9	2759.1±58.10	14	2953.1±60.46
F	0	22	55.7±0.93	23	56.2±0.77	20	56.3±0.96	23	54.7±1.05	27	55.8±0.96	21	56.5±0.94
1	22	137.4±2.84	23	140.9±2.87	20	139.2±3.08	23	132.6±3.13	27	137.5±3.35	21	144.1±3.77
2	22	372.4±6.41	23	373.6±7.42	20	365.8±8.02	23	362.2±6.44	27	370.0±7.90	21	376.4±7.50
3	22	695.5±8.99	23	682.9±12.48	20	674.2±13.08	23	680.2±10.07	27	681.6±12.84	21	685.2±12.60
4	22	1150.3±18.53	23	1107.1±27.49	20	1142.8±25.96	23	1133.3±16.76	27	1122.8±20.38	21	1145.9±21.58
5	22	1683.4±27.92	23	1591.8±38.64	20	1689.4±34.18	23	1628.8±22.87	27	1594.0±30.36	21	1643.3±26.33
6	22	2178.1±47.21	23	2101.5±48.05	20	2229.4±42.10	23	2136.4±28.59	27	2067.9±38.85	21	2130.9±32.19
7	10	2804.9±46.78	11	2738.1±46.40	8	2816.9±67.72	11	2599.8±29.04	15	2563.9±35.39	9	2668.8±49.17

Te: temperature.

Trt 1: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 2 with normal water (4–6 wk) for the experiment 1. Trt 1: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 2 with normal water (4–6 wk) + Diet 4 (wk 7) for the experiment 2. Trt 2: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 3 with 0.050% methionine in drinking water (4–6 wk) for the experiment 1. Trt 2: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 3 with 0.050% methionine in drinking water (4–6 wk) + Diet 5 with 0.050% methionine in drinking water (wk 7) for the experiment 2. Trt 3: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 3 with 0.075% methionine in drinking water (4–6 wk) for the experiment 1. Trt 3: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 3 with 0.075% methionine in drinking water (4–6 wk) + Diet 5 with 0.075% methionine in drinking water (wk 7) for the experiment 2.

M:males, F:females.

Table 4 Coefficients of determination (R²), residual standart deviation (RSD), correlation between observed and the predicted growth curves (r), and asymptotic body weight (BW_a) values of Gompertz-Laird model restricted in three different ways.

			No.	Restriction on BW0 Observed	±3σp of Obs
R-Square	Temp	21°C	0.9997±0.0001^*	0.9975±0.0001	0.9983±0.0001
30°C	0.9998±0.0000	0.9971±0.0001	0.9980±0.0001
Trt	1	0.9998±0.0000	0.9971±0.0002	0.9980±0.0001
2	0.9997±0.0000	0.9974±0.0001	0.9983±0.0001
3	0.9997±0.0014	0.9972±0.0001	0.9982±0.0001
Sex	M	0.9997±0.0000	0.9973±0.0001	0.9982±0.0001
F	0.9998±0.0000	0.9972±0.0001	0.9982±0.0001
RSD	Temp	21°C	20.46±0.872	70.54±1.224	56.79±1.156
30°C	18.56±0.866	74.22±1.416	60.58±1.324
Trt	1	19.07±0.973	75.60±1.635	61.66±1.556
2	19.28±0.975	67.79 ±1.495	54.58±1.359
3	20.12±1.243	73.89 ±1.673	59.94±1.606
Sex	M	21.83±0.993a	75.42±1.380	61.52±1.311
F	17.04±0.656b	69.30±1.231	55.81±1.142
r	Temp	21°C	0.9997±0.0001	0.9982±0.0001	0.9987±0.0001
30°C	0.9997±0.0000	0.9979±0.0001	0.9985±0.0000
Trt	1	0.9997±0.0000	0.9979±0.0001	0.9985±0.0001
2	0.9997±0.0000	0.9982±0.0001	0.9987±0.0001
3	0.9997±0.0001	0.9980±0.0001	0.9986±0.0001
Sex	M	0.9997±0.0000	0.9981±0.0001	0.9986±0.0001
F	0.9997±0.0000	0.9980±0.0001	0.9986±0.0001
Bwa	Temp	21°C	6344±167a	25776±2845	14636±798
30°C	5027±88b	48533±32570	11347±948
Trt	1	5593±170a	19002±1799	12191±670
2	5585±206a	20489±32001	11916±823
3	5838±146a	73092±50242	14781±1559
Sex	M	6350±159a	58499±32599	15720±1133
F	4963±89b	15370±991	10070±371

* Numbers in each row (for R2, RSD, and r) are significantly different from each other (P<0.05). BW₀: initial (hatching) body weight in grams, No: no restriction applied on BW₀, Observed: BW₀ restricted to be the mean of observed initial body weights in grams, ±3σ of Obs.: BW₀ restricted to stay within 3 standart deviation around the mean of the observed initial body weights in grams. Temp: temperature, Trt: treatment. Trt 1: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 2 with normal water (–6 wk) for the experiment 1. Trt 1: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 2 with normal water (–6 wk) + Diet 4 (wk 7) for the experiment 2. Trt 2: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 3 with 0.050% methionine in drinking water (–6 wk) for the experiment 1. Trt 2: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 3 with 0.050% methionine in drinking water (–6 wk) + Diet 5 with 0.050% methionine in drinking water (wk 7) for the experiment 2. Trt 3: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 3 with 0.075% methionine in drinking water (–6 wk) for the experiment 1. Trt 3: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 3 with 0.075% methionine in drinking water (–6 wk) + Diet 5 with 0.075% methionine in drinking water (wk 7) for the experiment 2.

Sex: M=males and F=females.

Table 5 Growth curve parameters of broilers obtained by the unrestricted form of the Gompertz-Laird model.

		BW0	L	K	ti	r(L,K)
Temp	21°C	10.92±0.452^a	1.82±0.043^a	0.27±0.004^a	6.82±0.078^a	0.947^a
30°C	8.79±0.399^b	1.98±0.032^b	0.30±0.003^b	6.20±0.058^b	0.935^b
Trt	1	8.90±0.467^a	1.98±0.061^a	0.29±0.005^a	6.40±0.081^a	0.959^a
2	11.29±0.636^b	1.81±0.038^b	0.28±0.004^a	6.54±0.105^a	0.920^b
3	9.28±0.440^a	1.90±0.039a^b	0.28±0.004^a	6.57±0.079^a	0.955^a
Sex	M	9.69±0.461^a	1.92±0.036^a	0.28±0.003^a	6.68±0.079^a	0.949^a
F	9.97±0.404^a	1.88±0.042^a	0.29± 0.003^a	6.32±0.063^b	0.946^a

Numbers not containing common superscript in each column within an environment are significantly different from each other (P<0.05). BW₀: initial (hatching) body weight in grams, L: initial specific growth rate, K: the rate of exponential decay of the initial specific growth rate, ti: the inflection point as week, r(L,K): correlation between the observed and the predicted growth curves. Temp: temperature. Trt 1: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 2 with normal water (4–6 wk) for the experiment 1. Trt 1: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 2 with normal water (4–6 wk) + Diet 4 (wk 7) for the experiment 2. Trt 2: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 3 with 0.050% methionine in drinking water (4–6 wk) for the experiment 1. Trt 2: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 3 with 0.050% methionine in drinking water (4–6 wk) + Diet 5 with 0.050% methionine in drinking water (wk 7) for the experiment 2. Trt 3: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 3 with 0.075% methionine in drinking water (4–6 wk) for the experiment 1. Trt 3: Diet 1 (0–3 wk) + Diet 3 with 0.075% methionine in drinking water (4–6 wk) + Diet 5 with 0.075% methionine in drinking water (wk 7) for the experiment 2.

Sex: M=males and F=females.

National Research Council 1994 Nutrient Requirements of Poultry 9th rev. ed. National Academy Press Washington, DC, USA

 Google Scholar