Productive Response of Duroc x Large White and Commercial Hybrid x Large White Crosses Fed High and Low Protein Diets

Figures & data

Figure 1. Average daily gain (ADG) of Duroc x Large White and Commercial Hybrid x Large White crosses fed diets with high and low protein content. P1, growing period 79-112 days; P2, growing period 113-154 days; P3, growing period 155-196 days; P4, finishing period 196-272 days; DUHP, Duroc x Large White crosses, high protein diets; DULP, Duroc x Large White crosses, low protein diets; CHHP, Commercial Hybrid x Large White crosses, high protein diets; CHLP, Commercial Hybrid x Large White crosses, low protein diets.

Figure 2. Total feed intake and total feed conversion ratio of pigs fed with the two experimental diets. TFI, total feed intake; FCR, feed conversion ratio; HP, high protein diets; LP, low protein diets.

Figure 3. Classification of carcasses based on EUROP system. HP, high protein diets; LP, low protein diets; DU, Duroc x Large White crosses; CH, Commercial Hybrid x Large White crosses; E, lean meat ≥55%; U, lean meat from 54.9% to 50%; R, lean meat from 49.9% to 45%.

Table 1. Formulation, chemical composition and nutritive value of the diets (%, as fed basis).

	HP	HP	HP	LP	LP	LP
Growing A	Growing B	Finishing	Growing A	Growing B	Finishing
Corn	41.68	47.82	47.57	47.39	52.76	51.94
Soybean meal SE	17.82	13.86	10.89	11.07	8.91	4.46
Barley	16.83	16.83	19.80	17.04	17.82	21.29
Bran	8.99	9.39	10.40	9.62	9.78	11.88
Germ flour	3.96	3.47	2.97	3.52	1.98	1.98
Molasses	3.96	3.96	3.96	4.02	3.96	3.96
Ca carbonate	1.68	1.68	1.68	1.70	1.68	1.68
Palm oil	1.49	1.19	1.19	1.51	0.99	0.99
Beet pulp	1.49			1.51
Dicalcium phosphate	0.50	0.50	0.35	0.51	0.50	0.35
Vitamins Mix	0.50	0.50	0.40	0.51	0.50	0.40
Sodium chloride	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
Lactic-formic acid	0.30			0.30
Lignosulphite	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
Lysine	0.12	0.12	0.10	0.41	0.30	0.28
Bredol^® emulsifier	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
Phytase	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
Methionine				0.09	0.07	0.05
Threonine				0.10	0.06	0.06
Dry matter	88.25	87.93	88.52	88.28	87.85	88.58
Concentrate feed	4.58	4.00	3.75	4.54	3.85	3.58
Nx6.25	17.25	15.10	13.35	15.38	13.71	11.35
Ether extracts	4.42	3.95	3.94	4.47	3.91	4.05
Ash	7.16	6.06	5.69	6.65	5.66	5.37
Nitrogen-free extract	66.59	58.81	61.78	68.96	60.73	64.23
Neutral detergent fibre	16.61	14.04	14.63	16.23	14.97	15.07
Acid detergent fibre	5.46	4.46	4.29	5.10	4.20	3.98
Acid detergent lignin	1.61	1.33	1.24	1.51	1.15	1.10
Lysine	1.67	1.46	1.24	1.67	1.37	1.07
Methionine	0.51	0.47	0.46	0.51	0.51	0.43
Digestible energy^°, kcal/kg 3190	3184	3151	3170	3211	3194

Growing A: initial phase of growth, from 79 to 112 days; integration/kg: Vit. A U 9800; Vit. D₃ U 950; Vit. E mg 6; Cu mg 18; Fe mg 150; I mg 0.5; Mn mg 50, Zn mg 120; Se mg 0.1. Growing B: intermediated phase of growth, from 113 to 196 days; integration/kg: Vit. A U 9800; Vit. D₃ U 950; Vit. E mg 6; Cu mg 18; Fe mg 150; I mg 0.5; Mn mg 50, Zn mg 120; Se mg 0.1. Finishing phase, from 197 to 272 days; integration/kg: Vit. A U 8000; Vit. D₃ U 800; Vit. E mg 4; Cu mg 16; Fe mg 120; I mg 0.3; Mn mg 40, Zn mg 100; Se mg 0.08.

°Estimate based on NRC values (1998).

Table 2. Body weights and average daily gain of pigs during the experiments.

	Diet		Genotype		Sex		Significance
HP	LP	DUxLW	CHxLW	FE	CA	D	G	S	DxG	DxS	SEM
Number of observations	37	41	35	43	49	29
Body weights at
79 d, kg	27.55	26.48	27.04	26.94	26.27	27.77	ns	ns	^*	ns	ns	1.315
112 d, kg	41.95	40.04	41.50	40.49	41.02	40.97	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	0.909
154 d, kg	71.13	70.01	71.27	69.87	70.35	70.80	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	1.649
196 d, kg	103.58	99.35	101.49	101.45	101.62	101.32	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	2.279
272 d, kg	167.69	163.48	164.46	166.71	166.68	164.49	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	2.865
ADG, kg/d	0.73	0.70	0.71	0.72	0.72	0.71	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	0.015

HP, high protein diets; LP, low protein diets; DUxLW, Duroc x Large White crosses; CHxLW, Commercial Hybrid x Large White crosses; FE, females; CA, castrated males; D, diet; G, genotype; S, sex; ADG, avarage daily gain.

^*P<0.05; ns, not significant.

Table 3. Characteristics of carcasses of pigs measured at slaughterhouse.

	Diet		Genotype		Sex		Significance
HP	LP	DUxLW	CHxLW	FE	CA	D	G	S	DxG	DxS	SEM
Number of observations	37	41	35	43	49	29
FOM, %	51.12	50.24	49.94	51.42	51.77	49.59	ns	^*	^**	ns	ns	0.327
Carcass
EC-W, kg	130.57	126.07	127.27	129.37	127.86	128.78	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	2.678
Weight, kg	137.43	132.25	133.72	135.96	134.36	135.32	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	2.993
Fat thickness, mm	25.89	26.68	28.00	24.58	24.48	28.10	ns	^**	^**	ns	ns	0.547
Lean thickness, mm	72.30	69.34	71.57	70.07	71.60	70.04	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	0.822
Thigh
Raw, kg	17.34	16.55	16.73	17.16	17.12	16.77	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	0.342
Trimmed, kg	14.20	13.68	13.77	14.10	14.17	13.71	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	0.289

HP, high protein diets; LP, low protein diets; DUxLW, Duroc x Large White crosses; CHxLW, Commercial Hybrid x Large White crosses; FE, females; CA, castrated males; D, diet; G, genotype; S, sex; EC-W, cold weight of carcass as defined by the Council Regulation (EC) n. 1234/2007, Annex V, Part B; FOM, Fat-O-Meater, estimated lean content of the carcass;

^*P<0.05;

^**P<0.01; ns, not significant.