The Urinary and Serum Levels of IL-32 in Children with Febrile Urinary Tract Infections

Figures & data

Table 1.  Some demographic and baseline data of three group of children.

Characteristics	Groups			p-value
	Group 1 (n = 19)	Group 2 (n = 38)	Group 3 (n = 29)
Age, months, mean ± SD	63 ± 37	59 ± 47	39 ± 22	0.27
Sex, F/M	16/3	35/3	23/6	0.32
VUR, n (%)	14 (74)	5 (22)	–	0.002
VUR severity, n (%):
– Mild	4 (28.6)	2 (0.4)	–	0.007
– Moderate	4 (28.6)	2 (0.4)	–	–
– Severe	6 (42.8)	1 (0.2)	–	–

APN: Acute pyelonephritis; VUR: Vesicoureteral reflux.

Table 2.  Urine and serum concentration of IL-32 and UIL-32/Cr in three groups of children.

Variables measured	Group			p-value	Statistically significancy between group
	Group 1 (n = 19)^†	Group 2 (n = 38)^†	Group 3 (n = 29)^†
Urine IL-32 (pg/ml)	49.92 ± 17.6	55.95 ± 35.83	44.54 ± 10.21	0.58	–
Urine IL-32/Cr (pg/mg)	1.94 ± 1.20	2.36 ± 2.30	1.31 ± 0.95	0.049	A vs C-B vs C-AB vs C
Serum IL-32 (pg/ml)	1779 ± 2285	969 ± 1520	1251 ± 1563	0.47	–

† Mean ± SD

APN: Acute pyelonephritis; Cr: Creatinine.

Figure 1.  The receiver operating characteristic curve of urine IL-32 to creatinine for distinguishing (A) group 1 (Area under curve and scar) vs group 3 (Controls); (B) group 2 (Area under curve without scar) vs group 3 and (C) groups 1 + 2 vs group 3.

ROC: Receiver operating characteristic.

Table 3.  Cut-off value of urinary IL-32 to creatinine ratio for comparison of three group of children.

Groups were compared	Cut-off value	Sens	Spec	PPV	NPV	AUC	Standard error	95% CI
Group 1 vs 3	1.40	67	73	63	76	0.682	0.085	0.516–0.848
Group 2 vs 3	1.27	59	65	69	55	0.665	0.071	0.527–0.803
Group 1 and 2 vs 3	1.27	64	65	79	53	0.671	0.065	0.544–0.798

NPV: Negative predictive value; PPV: Positive predictive value; Sens: Sensitivity; Spec: Specificity.