Transcriptional changes in bone marrow stromal cells of patients with heart failure

Figures & data

Table 1. Biochemical, clinical, and demographic data of the study population

	Donors	HF	HF+Ob	HF+DM
	n = 13	n = 14	n = 16	n = 12
Age, years	39.7 ± 1.9	55.8 ± 3.9**	52.0 ± 1.5**	59.5 ± 3.2**
Males, %	23.1	92.8**	81.3**	75.0**
BMI, kg/m^2	25.3 ± 1.1	24.5 ± 0.9	36.7 ± 1.8**‡	33.3 ± 1.8**‡
NYHA class	NA	2.75 (2;4)	2.25 (2;3)	2.75 (2;4)
Glucose, mM/L	NA	5.4 ± 0.1	5.5 ± 0.4	5.9 ± 0.3
HbA1c, %	NA	5.7 ± 0.2	5.4 ± 0.3	6.4 ± 0.1
Fructosamine, mkM/L	232.1 ± 7.5	240.4 ± 5.4	232.3 ± 4.0	253.0 ± 12.1
Insulin, pM/L	69.7 ± 19.0	89.3 ± 10.4	74.9 ± 7.0	76.3 ± 10.1
Total cholesterol, mM/L	5.2 ± 0.4	5.1 ± 0.4	4.8 ± 0.3	4.3 ± 0.16
LDL, mM/L	2.5 ± 0.3	3.4 ± 0.3	2.8 ± 0.2	2.3 ± 0.2
Triglycerides, mM/L	1.4 ± 0.3	1.4 ± 0.1	1.8 ± 0.2	2.0 ± 0.4
Leptin, ng/mL	16.5 ± 4.7	18.6 ± 4.6	40.1 ± 7.0*^+	22.7 ± 7.1
Adiponectin, mkg/mL	7.0 ± 1.2	10.4 ± 1.8	10.1 ± 1.5	9.3 ± 2.4
NT-proBNP, pM/L	0.0 ± 0.0	83.1 ± 20.0**	67.8 ± 15.2**	140.9 ± 54.0*
proANP, nM/L	1.1 ± 0.3	7.6 ± 0.9**	6.4 ± 0.8**	6.3 ± 1.5**
Ejection fraction, %	NA	31.9 ± 2.7	38.4 ± 2.7	32.2 ± 3.9
Left atrial dimension, cm	NA	5.1 ± 0.3	5.4 ± 0.2	5.4 ± 0.1
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	NA	107.9 ± 4.6	116.9 ± 3.0	114.5 ± 4.6
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg	NA	68.0 ± 3.0	72.9 ± 1.8	74.6 ± 3.9

Values are presented as mean ± standard error or as median (min; max); gender characteristics are presented as percentage. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01 compared with healthy donors; ⁺P < 0.05; ^‡P < 0.01 compared with “HF” group. HF, heart failure; Ob, obesity; DM, diabetes mellitus; NA, not available

Table 2. Demographic and clinical variables associated with BMSC gene expression

		NYHA	BMI	DM
ANG2	Angiopoietin 2	0.002
COL1A2	Collagen type I, α 2		0.045
COL3A1	Collagen type III, α 1			0.040
CTGF	Connective tissue growth factor		0.035
EDN1	Endothelin 1	0.017
ITGB5	Integrin β 5		0.002
ITGB6	Integrin β 6		0.008	0.022
MMP14	Matrix metalloproteinase 14		0.009
MMP2	Matrix metalloproteinase 2		0.005
PLAU	Urokinase plasminogen activator		<0.001
SMAD7	SMAD family member 7		0.006
SNAIL1	Snail homolog 1		0.043
TGFB1	Transforming growth factor β 1		0.022
TGFBR2	TGF β receptor II		0.007

Significant associations (P < 0.05) are in bold. NYHA, New York Heart Association functional class; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus

Table 3. Differences in BMSC gene expression and BMI

	HF patients with BMI < 30 (n = 18)			Healthy controls (n = 13)
Symbol	Fold-change			Fold-change
		95% CI	P value		95% CI	P value
COL1A2	1.60	(1.21, 1.99)	<0.001	1.16	(0.90, 1.42)	0.385
CTGF	1.49	(1.05, 1.93)	0.009	0.93	(0.63, 1.22)	0.488
ITGB5	1.55	(1.14, 1.95)	0.001	0.95	(0.70, 1.21)	0.468
MMP2	1.77	(1.33, 2.21)	<0.001	0.91	(0.61, 1.21)	0.682
MMP14	1.54	(1.02, 2.06)	0.032	0.91	(0.48, 1.33)	0.843
PLAU	1.91	(1.01, 2.81)	0.076	1.15	(0.38, 1.91)	0.632
SMAD7	1.47	(1.07, 1.88)	0.008	0.97	(0.65, 1.30)	0.986
SNAIL1	1.74	(0.95, 2.52)	0.022	0.94	(0.45, 1.44)	0.868
TGFB1	1.14	(0.89, 1.40)	0.543	0.97	(0.62, 1.31)	0.921
TGFBR2	1.30	(1.02, 1.58)	0.026	0.88	(0.64, 1.12)	0.379

Fold-change is indicated in comparison to heart failure (HF) patients with body mass index (BMI) > 30 (n = 24).