Is vitamin D status relevant to metabolic syndrome?

Figures & data

Table 1. Range of criteria used for diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in North America and Europe¹

Criterion	Europid men	Europid women	Asian men and women (south and east) and other similar groups
Waist size	≥ 94–103 cm	≥ 80–88 cm	≥ 90 cm in men ≥ 80 cm in women
Triglycerides (Triacylglycerol)	≥ 1.7 mmol/l	≥ 1.7 mmol/l	≥ 1.7 mmol/l
HDL-Cholesterol	≤ 40 mg/dl	≤ 50mg/d	As for Europids
Blood pressure	≥ 130/85–140/90 (or on medication for hypertension)	≥ 130/85–140/90 [or on medication for hypertension]	≥ 130/85–140/90 (or on medication for hypertension)
Fasting glucose	≥ 5.1, 5.6, 6.1 mmol/l	≥ 5.1, 5.6, 6.1 mmol/l	≥ 5.1, 5.6, 6.1 mmol/l

Figure 1. Response of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level to total intake of vitamin D in northern latitudes in Europe (0.49·58N) and Antarctica (788S) during their respective winter seasons, when effective sun exposure for endogenous vitamin D synthesis is minimal. Mean responses (white lines) with 95% CI using a weighted linear meta-regression model following either a natural logarithmic transformation (dark gray shading, curvilinear model) or no transformation (pale gray shading, linear model) of total vitamin D intake data. The maximum total intake data point in the linear model was 1400 IU/d (35 mg/d). A line is plotted at 50 nmol/l serum 25(OH)D for illustrative purposes” (from ref. 155 with permission).

Ginde AA, Liu MC, Camargo CA Jr. Demographic differences and trends of vitamin D insufficiency in the US population, 1988-2004. Arch Intern Med 2009; 169:626 - 32; http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2008.604; PMID: 19307527

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Cashman KD, Fitzgerald AP, Kiely M, Seamans KM. A systematic review and meta-regression analysis of the vitamin D intake-serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D relationship to inform European recommendations. Br J Nutr 2011; 106:1638 - 48; http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114511005058; PMID: 22000709

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