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Review

Alterations of DNA methylome in human bladder cancer

, &
Pages 1013-1022 | Received 09 Jul 2013, Accepted 27 Jul 2013, Published online: 06 Aug 2013

Figures & data

Figure 1. Diagram of progressive stages of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Non-muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma is staged at Tis/CIS, Ta, and T1, whereas muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma is staged at T2, T3, and T4. Tis/CIS, carcinoma in situ.

Figure 1. Diagram of progressive stages of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Non-muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma is staged at Tis/CIS, Ta, and T1, whereas muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma is staged at T2, T3, and T4. Tis/CIS, carcinoma in situ.

Figure 2. Schematic representation of promoter CpG island hypermethylation in cancer. Filled and unfilled lollypops represent methylated and unmethylated CpGs, respectively. HAT, histone acetyltransferase; Pol II, DNA polymerase II; DNMT, DNA methyl transferase; HDAC, histone deacetylase; PcG, polycomb group proteins.

Figure 2. Schematic representation of promoter CpG island hypermethylation in cancer. Filled and unfilled lollypops represent methylated and unmethylated CpGs, respectively. HAT, histone acetyltransferase; Pol II, DNA polymerase II; DNMT, DNA methyl transferase; HDAC, histone deacetylase; PcG, polycomb group proteins.

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