Race, ethnicity and income as factors for HPV vaccine acceptance and use

Figures & data

Table 1. Barriers and facilitators of HPV vaccination among minority groups

	Barrier	Facilitator
Black	Lack of information Concern about long-term side effects Concern that vaccine is experimental Logistical challenges to completion of three dose series Lack of health insurance, especially among poor in Southern US Foreign-born subgroups: Language barriers and inaccurate information	Provider recommendation Desire to prevent cancer Desire to protect against a sexually transmitted infection Federally funded Vaccines for Children program Foreign-born subgroups: Experience with vaccine-preventable diseases
Hispanic	Language Safety concerns Not knowing where to obtain vaccine Lack of health insurance, especially among poor and undocumented immigrants	Provider recommendation Desire to prevent cancer Trust in providers Favorable attitude toward vaccines Experience with vaccine preventable diseases and cervical cancer in home countries Federally funded Vaccines for Children program
Asian	Language Limited knowledge Concerns related to sexual activity Lack of health insurance, especially among poor	Provider recommendation Desire to prevent cancer Federally funded Vaccines for Children program

¹ The percentage of girls without insurance includes those who did not have coverage at least some of the time during the year, and those covered by public insurance are children that did have health insurance at least some time during the year.

Table 2. Relationship of race, ethnicity, and poverty to cervical cancer incidence and mortality, and HPV vaccine initiation and completion

Race and poverty level	Current(%) US female population^64	Projected (%) US female population 2050^64	Cervical cancer incidence per 100,000^1^,^115	Cervical cancer mortality per 100,000^1^,^116	HPV vaccine initiation (%)^117	HPV vaccine completion           (%)^117	HPV vaccine completion among those who start series           (%)^117
White, non-Hispanic	63.6	50.7	7.1	1.9	47.5	33.0	74.8
Black, non-Hispanic	13.7	15.6	9.1	4.1	56.0	31.7	60.8
Hispanic	17.2	26.9	10.4	2.8	65.0	41.6	69.4
Asian, non-Hispanic	6.1	9.3	6.7	1.7	55.8	35.0	70.5
> 100% poverty level	85	N/A	2.01	2.2*	50.1	33.4	72.6
< 100% poverty level	15	N/A	3.66	3.5 **	62.1	39.0	66.4

* < 10% of county below poverty level; ** > 20% of county below poverty level

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