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Commentary

Particle based vaccine formulations for transcutaneous immunization

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Pages 1950-1955 | Received 15 May 2013, Accepted 30 May 2013, Published online: 18 Jun 2013

Figures & data

Figure 1. Schematic representation of methods to enable or facilitate TCI: (A) transfollicular delivery, (B) mechanical dermabrasion, (C) jet injection of liquids or powders, (D) microneedles (Images are not drawn to scale).

Figure 1. Schematic representation of methods to enable or facilitate TCI: (A) transfollicular delivery, (B) mechanical dermabrasion, (C) jet injection of liquids or powders, (D) microneedles (Images are not drawn to scale).

Figure 2. Combinations of antigen and adjuvant in a particulate carrier: (A) adjuvants are co-administered with the encapsulated antigen, (B) antigen and adjuvant are encapsulated in separate particles, (C) antigen and adjuvant are co-encapsulated in the same particle, (D) the particle surface is decorated with the antigen and/or the adjuvant by physical or chemical association.

Figure 2. Combinations of antigen and adjuvant in a particulate carrier: (A) adjuvants are co-administered with the encapsulated antigen, (B) antigen and adjuvant are encapsulated in separate particles, (C) antigen and adjuvant are co-encapsulated in the same particle, (D) the particle surface is decorated with the antigen and/or the adjuvant by physical or chemical association.

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