Influenza vaccination coverage among medical residents

Figures & data

Table 1. Factors associated with seasonal influenza 2011–2012 vaccination among medical Italian residents

n = 2506*		Vaccine uptake during 2011–2012 season		P value
	TOTAL	Vaccinated	Not vaccinated
Total	2506	299 (11.9)	2207 (88.1)
Age, median in years (interquartile range)	29 (3)	30 (4)	29 (3)	0.006
Gender, n (%)
Male	885 (35.3)	108 (36.1)	777 (35.2)	0.76
Female	1624 (64.8)	191 (63.9)	1430 (64.8)
Year after degree, n (%)
≤2	574 (22.9)	55 (18.4)	519 (23.5)	0.22
3	648 (25.9)	81 (27.1)	567 (25.7)
4	605 (24.1)	73 (24.3)	532 (24.1)
≥5	679 (27.1)	90 (30.2)	589 (26.7)
Year of residency, n (%)
R1	785 (31.3)	85 (28.4)	700 (31.7)	0.74
R2	489 (19.5)	59 (19.7)	430 (19.5)
R3	858 (34.2)	111 (37.1)	747 (33.9)
R4	113 (4.5)	11 (3.7)	102 (4.6)
R5	250 (10)	31 (10.4)	219 (9.9)
R6	11 (0.4)	2 (0.7)	9 (0.4)
Main specialty duties, n (%)
Clinical	1,099 (43.9)	142 (47.5)	957 (43.4)	0.048
Surgical	567 (22.6)	51 (17.1)	516 (23.4)
Diagnostic	840 (33.5)	106 (35.4)	734 (33.2)
Attitude to recommend influenza vaccination to patients, n (%)
Yes, according to the Italian Health Ministry recommendations	1,011 (40.3)	158 (52.8)	853 (38.6)	<0.001
Yes, according to own clinical evaluation	688 (27.5)	96 (32.1)	592 (26.8)
No, not recommended	47 (1.9)	0 (0)	47 (2.1)
No, leaving patients to their free will	306 (12.2)	17 (5.7)	289 (13.1)
No, there were no occasions for recommending influenza vaccination	454 (18.1)	28 (9.4)	426 (19.4)
Vaccination against influenza during 2010–2011, n (%)
Yes	388 (15.5)	229 (76.6)	159 (7.2)	<0.001
No	2118 (84.5)	70 (23.4)	2048 (92.7)
Vaccination against 2009–2010 seasonal influenza, n (%)
Yes, seasonal and pandemic	206 (8.2)	113 (37.8)	93 (4.2)	<0.001
Yes, seasonal	205 (8.2)	87 (29.1)	118 (5.3)
Yes, pandemic	132 (5.3)	22 (7.4)	110 (5.0)
No	1963 (78.3)	77 (25.7)	1886 (85.5)

Figure 1. Reasons for influenza vaccination uptake in 2011–2012 season among vaccinated Italian medical residents (n=299) (A). Reasons for refusing influenza vaccination in 2011–2012 season among not vaccinated Italian medical residents (n=2207) (B).

Table 2. Best fitting logistic regression model, by Akaike’s Information Criterion, for vaccination uptake during 2011–2012 season (Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test P value = 0.71)

	Vaccine uptake during the 2011–2012 season
	Crude OR (95% CIs)	Adj OR (95% CIs)*
Age, in years
≤29	referent	referent
>29	1.37 (1.08–1.76)^b	1.53 (1.11–2.11)^b
Influenza vaccination in 2009–2010 season
no	referent	referent
yes, seasonal	29.76 (20.83–42.52)^a	4.42 (2.78–7.05)^a
yes, pandemic	4.9 (2.94–8.17)^a	1.98 (1.08–3.62)^c
yes, both pandemic and seasonal	18.06 (12.62–25.85)^a	2.97 (1.84–4.79)^a
Influenza vaccination in 2010–2011 season
No	referent	referent
Yes	42.14 (30.83 – 57.6)^a	17.66 (11.92–26.17)^a
Attitude to recommend influenza vaccination to patients
No, there were no occasions for recommending influenza vaccination	referent	referent
No, not recommended	NC	NC
No, leaving patients to their free will	0.89 (0.48–1.67)^d	0.94 (0.44–1.99)^d
Yes, according to the Italian Health Ministry recommendations	2.82 (1.85–4.28)^a	1.99 (1.19–3.34)^b
Yes, according to own clinical evaluation	2.48 (1.6–3.84)^a	1.98 (1.15–3.41)^c

^aP < 0.001. ^bP < 0.01. ^cP < 0.05. ^dP ≥ 0.05. NC, not calculable due to absences of vaccinated subjects *Adjusted for gender, year after degree, year of residency, and main specialty duties.

Figure 2. Strategies for increasing influenza immunization rate suggested by Italian medical residents.